Autoimmune Markers for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis in Women

Menzhinskaya I.V. Menzhinskaya, A. G. Melkumyan, С. В. Павлович, S. V. Pavlovich, Vladimir D. Chuprynin, Л. В. Ванько, Г. Т. Сухих
In: Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry · 2020 · vol. 14(4) , pp. 335–339 · doi:10.1134/s1990750820040083 · W4244351555
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study identified elevated IgG antibodies to tropomyosin 3, α-enolase, and estradiol in women with endometriosis, demonstrating their potential for non-invasive diagnosis with high sensitivity and specificity.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study examined the autoantibody profile in women with external genital endometriosis, using modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods to measure mainly IgG antibodies against specific targets including endometrial antigens (tropomyosin 3, tropomodulin 3), α-enolase, steroid hormones (estradiol, progesterone), and gonadotropin. In 39 patients with stage III–IV disease, detection rates and IgG levels for antibodies to tropomyosin 3, α-enolase, estradiol, and human chorionic gonadotropin were higher than in 26 healthy controls (p < 0.05). IgG antibodies to tropomyosin 3, α-enolase, and estradiol showed higher diagnostic value individually, and together yielded an AUC of 0.875 with sensitivity and specificity of 83.3%; the main caveat is the relatively small case-control sample size. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it focuses on autoimmune antibody biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a common estrogen-dependent chronic disease of women of reproductive age; it is associated with dysregulation of the immune response, local inflammatory process and increased autoantibody production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the autoantibody profile in women with endometriosis by means of new modifications of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and to evaluate their diagnostic value. In women with external genital endometriosis stage III–IV (n = 39), a wide range of autoantibodies of mainly class G was detected; these included antibodies to endometrial antigens (tropomyosin 3, tropomodulin 3), the enzyme α-enolase, steroid hormones (estradiol, progesterone) and gonadotropin. Moreover, the detection rate of IgG antibodies to tropomyosin 3, α-enolase, estradiol, and human chorionic gonadotropin and their levels in patients with endometriosis were higher than in healthy women (n = 26) (p < 0.05). IgG antibodies to tropomyosin 3, α-enolase and estradiol were characterized by a higher diagnostic value for endometriosis. When determining the combination of these antibodies, the diagnostic significance increased, the AUC value was 0.875 [0.772–0.978] (p < 0.0001), and sensitivity and specificity reached 83.3%. Thus, autoantibodies to tropomyosin 3, α-enolase and estradiol are promising for inclusion in the panel of biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis.

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endometriosis

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