Increased Expression of TGF-β1 Contributes to the Downregulation of Progesterone Receptor Expression in the Eutopic Endometrium of Infertile Women with Minimal/Mild Endometriosis

Lukanxuan Wu, Xin Huang, Ruiying Wang, Yujing Li, Huili Zhu, Yunwei Ouyang, Wei Huang
Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023 · vol. 30(12) , pp. 3578–3589 · doi:10.1007/s43032-023-01315-8 · PMID:37531067 · W4385476501
article OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 11 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06+body, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

Elevated TGF-β1 in eutopic endometrial stromal cells from infertile women with endometriosis attenuates progesterone receptor expression and impairs decidualization, decreasing endometrial receptivity.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This study investigated whether the cytokine TGF-β1 regulates progesterone resistance and endometrial receptivity in eutopic endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) from infertile women with minimal/mild endometriosis, using primary ESC cultures with TGF-β1 treatment and the TGF-β receptor inhibitor SB431542, alongside qRT-PCR, protein assessment of progesterone receptor isoforms (PR and PRB), and in vitro decidualization assays. The authors found that TGF-β1 attenuated PR (including PRB protein and PR/PRB mRNA) and decreased HOXA10, while it reduced decidualization, whereas SB431542 increased PR/PRB and decidual-like changes when combined with TGF-β1 were associated with increased prolactin. A major limitation stated is that co-immunoprecipitation did not detect a physical interaction between PR and p-Smad3/Smad3 proteins despite implicating TGF-β/Smad signaling. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it links increased TGF-β1 from CD45+ immune cells to progesterone receptor downregulation and impaired decidualization in eutopic endometrium of women with minimal/mild endometriosis.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Infertility, Female

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