Assisted fertilization in infertile women with patent Fallopian tubes. A comparison of in-vitro fertilization, gamete intra-Fallopian transfer and tubal embryo stage transfer
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This study compared IVF, TEST, and GIFT in infertile women with patent tubes, finding IVF had the highest pregnancy rate (45.7%), followed by TEST (37.9%) and GIFT (26.2%).
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Abstract
A comparison of the relative efficacy of in-vitro fertilization with uterine embryo transfer (IVF), tubal embryo stage transfer (TEST) and gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) was performed in infertile patients with patent Fallopian tubes. A total of 150 couples with unexplained infertility, peritoneal endometriosis or reduced semen quality were included in the study. The three groups were comparable with regard to age distribution, indications, semen parameters, stimulation regimens, response to stimulation and numbers of oocytes retrieved. In the IVF and TEST groups there was no cleavage in 24% and a cleavage rate of only 47.6%. The highest cleavage rate was obtained in the endometriosis patients. The pregnancy rate was highest in the two groups in which in-vitro fertilization was performed, IVF = 45.7%, TEST = 37.9%, GIFT = 26.2%. To obtain one live intrauterine fetus, more oocytes had to be transferred in the GIFT group compared to the number of embryos in the IVF group, 14.4 versus 6.2, P less than 0.05. Due to a high success rate of IVF but at the same time a high frequency of no cleavage in cases of unexplained infertility or male subfertility, we recommend IVF as the primary procedure in infertile couples with patent Fallopian tubes.
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Cited by (10)
- Endometriosis and ART 2012
- Artificial insemination by husband in unexplained infertility compared with infertility associated with peritoneal endometriosis 1998
- The Clinical Efficacy of Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer by Minilaparotomy versus <i>in vitro</i> Fertilization and Embryo Transfer 1996
- Laparoscopic treatment of symptomatic endometriosis 1996
- <i>In vitro</i> fertilization/embryo transfer in unexplained infertility and minimal peritoneal endometriosis 1995
- Gynecology 1995
- A Couple With Infertility 1995
- Pretreatment with gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue prior to in vitro fertilisation for patients with endometriosis 1993
- GIFT or IVF for patients with patent fallopian tubes? 1992
- In vivo fertilization procedures in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes: A comparison of gamete intrafallopian transfer, combined intrauterine and intraperitoneal insemination, and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation alone 1992
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- europepmc
- last seen: 2026-06-04T01:30:01.192114+00:00
- openalex
- last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
- pubmed
- last seen: 2026-05-13T22:12:10.587122+00:00
- unpaywall
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