Sonographic depiction of the endometrium during normal cycles
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This paper describes the sonographic appearance of the normal endometrium across the menstrual cycle.
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Abstract
Pelvic sonograms were performed every 2-3 days in 10 volunteers in order to study changes in thickness and texture that occur in the normal endometrium. A total of 75 sonograms were performed. The accuracy of sonographic estimates of endometrial thickness was also evaluated in eight patients who underwent hysterectomy for reasons unrelated to the uterus. The majority of sonographic measurements of endometrial thickness in these patients were within 1 mm of the actual thickness as measured in the unfixed specimen. In all of the individuals studied, sonography was able to depict changes in the thickness and texture of the endometrium which corresponded to the various phases of its development. Specifically, the average thicknesses of the endometrium were greater in the secretory phase (3.6 +/- 1.4 mm) than in the proliferative phase (2.9 +/- 1.0 mm) (p less than or equal to 0.05). The texture of the endometrium varied throughout the cycle with the hypoechoic texture slightly more common than echoic in the proliferative phase, whereas the echogenic appearance was most common in the secretory phase. Those technical factors which optimized sonographic depiction of the endometrium are discussed, as well as the possible clinical applications of the sonographic depiction of normal and abnormal endometria.
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Cited by (17)
- Ultrasound studies of the endometrial-myometrial junction for the diagnosis of adenomyosis and endometrial cancer 2014
- Imaging techniques in the management of abnormal vaginal bleeding in non-pregnant women before and after menopause 2014
- Endometrial development in association with ovarian follicular waves during the menstrual cycle 2004
- Transvaginal ultrasonography and endometrial histology in peri‐ and postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy 1999
- Endometriosis: a dysfunction and disease of the archimetra 1998
- Measurement of endometrial thickness with transvaginal ultrasonography: is it reproducible? 1998
- Endometrial status in post-menopausal women on long-term continuous combined hormone replacement therapy (Kliofem®) a comparative study of endometrial biopsy, outpatient hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasound 1997
- Endometrial thickness is a valid monitoring parameter in cycles of ovulation induction with menotropins alone 1996
- Relationship between sonographic endometrial thickness and progestin-induced withdrawal bleeding 1996
- Ultrasound studies of vascular and morphological changes in the human uterus after a positive self-test for the urinary luteinizing hormone surge 1996
- Endometrial carcinoma: Transvaginal ultrasonography prediction of depth of myometrial invasion 1991
- The role of vaginal scan in measurement of endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women 1991
- Uterine size and endometrial thickness and the significance of cystic ovaries in women with pelvic pain due to congestion 1990
- Uterine endometrial peristalsis—a transvaginal ultrasound study 1990
- Ultrasound appearance of adenomyosis mimicking adenocarcinoma in a postmenopausal woman 1988
- Cyclic endometrial changes: US assessment with histologic correlation. 1988
- The value of ultrasound in the initial assessment of gynecological patients 1987
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