Are cytokine levels in serum, endometrial tissue, and peritoneal fluid a promising predictor to diagnosis of endometriosis-adenomyosis?

Kenan ÖZÇELİK, K Özçelik, M Çapar, Metin Çapar, Mustafa Gazi Uçar, M Gazi Uçar, T. Çakır Çakır, T Çakιr, Fatih Özçelik, F Özçelik, Tolgay Tuyan İlhan, T Tuyan Ilhan
Clinical and experimental obstetrics & gynecology · 2016 · vol. 43(4) , pp. 569–572 · doi:10.12891/ceog3022.2016 · PMID:29734551 · W2980095654
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This study found elevated IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-16 levels in peritoneal fluid of endometriosis and adenomyosis patients compared to controls.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This prospective study measured cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-16, TNF-α, and LIF) in serum, endometrial tissue, and peritoneal lavage fluid from 60 consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy for benign gynecologic conditions, with clinical data analyzed for 52 patients (26 endometriosis, 13 adenomyosis, and 13 controls). The authors found immune-inflammatory differences in peritoneal fluid: IL-6 was higher in stage IV endometriosis versus controls, TNF-α was higher in the endometriosis group versus controls, and IL-16 was higher in both endometriosis and adenomyosis groups versus controls. The paper’s main limitation is that findings were reported from a relatively small, single cohort with diagnostic laparoscopy participants rather than a large, well-defined biomarker validation population. This paper is centrally about endometriosis and adenomyosis — testing whether serum/tissue/peritoneal cytokines could serve as diagnostic predictors.

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Abstract

AIM: The basic aim was to find a non-invasive procedure to diagnose and monitor endometriosis-adenomyosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was carried out. The authors conducted a series of 60 consecutive patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy for benign gynecologic conditions. Endometrial, peripheral blood and peritoneal lavage samples were analyzed. IL-6, IL-16, TNF-alpha, and LIF levels were measured and compared. RESULTS: The authors analyzed clinical data of 52 patients (26 endometriosis, 13 adenomyosis, and 13 control group). Peritoneal fluid IL-6 is significantly higher in stage IV endometriosis group than the control group (p = 0.001). In the endometriosis group, the levels of TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluid was higher than the control group (p = 0.008). In the endometriosis and adenomyosis groups, the levels of IL-16 in the peritoneal fluid were significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.000 and p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Significant immune-inflammatory changes were observed. When the underlying molecular mechanisms will be investigated, this will elicit studies on the immunotherapeutic treatment of endometriosis. Further studies are needed to assess various potential therapeutic interests for biomarkers in a large, well-defined patient population.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosisadenomyosis

MeSH descriptors

Adenomyosis Ascitic Fluid Cytokines Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometrium Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adult Ascitic Fluid Biomarkers Biomarkers Cytokines Endometriosis Endometrium Endometrium Female Humans Interleukin-6 Interleukin-6

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