Da-Jin Li

Interleukin (IL)-18 is one of the members of IL-1 family cytokines, it was originally named as interferon gamma (IFN-γ) inducing factor. IL-18 is a pleiotropic immune regulator and has a bidirectional regulatory effect on immunity. It exert…

Background: Endometriosis (EMS), a typical endocrine immune disorder, associates with dramatically increased estrogen production and disorganized immune response in ectopic focus. Peritoneal regulatory T cells (Tregs) expansion in women wit…

Background Endometriosis (EMS), an endocrine-related inflammatory disease, is characterized by estrogen and progesterone imbalance in ectopic lesions. However, its pathogenic mechanism has not been fully elucidated. While SCM-198 is the syn…

Menstruation occurs in few species and involves a cyclic process of proliferation, breakdown and regeneration under the control of ovarian hormones. Knowledge of normal endometrial physiology, as it pertains to the regulation of menstruatio…

Endometriosis (EMS) is the most common gynecological disease in women of reproductive age, and it is associated with chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia and infertility. As a consequence of genetic, immune and environmental factors, endometrio…

Endometriosis (EMS) is a female hormone‑ dependent disease with controversial reports of its etiology and pathogenesis. Apoptosis is particularly important in the human endometrium due to the dynamic cycles of proliferation and shedding. Es…

UNLABELLED: Impaired NK cell cytotoxic activity contributes to the local dysfunctional immune environment in endometriosis (EMS), which is an estrogen-dependent gynecological disease that affects the function of ectopic endometrial tissue c…

Endometriosis (EMS) is an estrogen-dependent gynecological disease with a low autophagy level of ectopic endometrial stromal cells (eESCs). Impaired NK cell cytotoxic activity is involved in the clearance obstruction of the ectopic endometr…

Abstract Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 is also increased in endometriosis. IL-10 production by Th17 cells is critical for limiting autoimmunity and inflammatory responses. …

STUDY QUESTION: Do regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute to angiogenesis in endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: High levels of CCL17 and CCL22 cause the recruitment of Tregs, upregulate the immunosuppression of Tregs and, in turn, may promote an…

Abstract The dysfunction of NK cells in women with endometriosis (EMS) contributes to the immune escape of menstrual endometrial fragments refluxed into the peritoneal cavity. The reciprocal communications between endometrial stromal cells …

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the elevation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, in the peritoneal fluid. However, the precise mechanism of the highly elevated IL-6 levels in ectopic milieu remains …

PROBLEM: Chemokines have been reported to play a sovereign role in the establishment and progression of endometriosis. Fractalkine is a chemokine that is upregulated in many inflammatory diseases including endometriosis. Fractalkine functio…

The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12; CXCL12) is important in the recruitment of leukocytes to the peritoneal cavity and the regulation of endometriotic tissue growth in endometriosis patients. Howeve…

STUDY QUESTION: What mechanism is involved in regulating the autophagy of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), and does it participate in the pathogenesis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: CXCL12 down-regulates secretory phase ESC autophagy. W…

PROBLEM: Chronic inflammation is important for the occurrence of endometriosis, but the molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. TLR4 is not only expressed on immune cells but is also present in the human endometrium, and its regul…

In the peritoneal fluid, macrophages and their secretory cytokines are essential for endometriosis, but the factors that favor their involvement in the endometriosis-associated inflammatory response are still elusive. Given the anomalous ex…

It has reported that interleukin-22 (IL-22) promotes the invasion of tumor cells. IL-22 in the endometriotic milieu stimulates the proliferation of human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). The present study aimed to elucidate whether and how…

It has reported that human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) express thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and TSLP concentrations in the serum and peritoneal fluid were higher in women with endometriosis. Endometriosis is an estrogen-depende…

Evidence for an immunosuppressive function of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been accumulating. However, the unusual distribution of IDO1 in gynecologic cancer cells suggests that modulating immunity may not its only function. To cla…

Nonmetastatic gene 23-H1 (NME1, also known as nm23-H1) is a wide-spectrum tumor metastasis suppressor gene that plays an important role in suppressing the proliferation, adhesion and invasion of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). The present…

STUDY QUESTION: Is Nometastatic gene 23-H1 (NME1, also known as nm23-H1) involved in regulating the biological behavior of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), and does it participate in the pathogenesis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: NME1 …

BACKGROUND: Chemokine CXCL8 (also known as IL-8) has been identified as a potential regulator of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), but it is unclear how CXCL8 regulates the survival of ESCs in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. METHODS: We …