Ian S. Fraser

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of tissue lesions or nodules, histologically similar to the endometrium, at sites outside the uterus. It is a highly variable condition that has a wide spectrum of symptoms. The aetiology of endometr…

BACKGROUND: Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a specific type of endometriosis, which can be associated with more severe pelvic pain than other forms of endometriotic lesions. However, the mechanisms by which pain is generated are no…

BACKGROUND: Abnormal bleeding is common in hormone therapy (HT) users. We aimed to determine how HT alters endometrial blood vessels and stromal factors known to regulate vascular growth and integrity. METHODS: Prospective observational st…

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate endometrial biopsy and curettage in detecting small nerve fibers in eutopic endometrium for diagnosis of endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN: Endometrial biopsies with precise, consistent techni…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate types of nerve fibers in endometrium and myometrium in women with endometriosis. DESIGN: Laboratory study using human tissue. SETTING: University-based laboratory. PATIENT(S): Women with and without endometriosi…

Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disease that can cause severe\npelvic pain such as dysmenorrhoea and dyspareunia, however the\nmechanisms by which pain is generated are not well understood. Nerve\nfibres in endometriotic plaques ha…

Endometriosis affects 10-15% of the female population during their reproductive years. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is undefined, the presence of endometrium-like tissue plaques outside of the uterus could implicate the eutopic…

Adolescent familial endometriosis may cause severe and persistent symptoms that are disruptive to lifestyle. Treatment may be difficult in many cases. We describe the novel and successful first use of a simultaneous combination of a levonor…

CONTEXT: Progestins delivered by a variety of routes have been demonstrated, in addition to their high contraceptive effect, to have substantial benefits in the treatment of various gynecological disorders, and the intrauterine route has pa…

CONTEXT: Irregular bleeding is common in users of combined hormone therapy (HT) and often leads to invasive and expensive investigations to exclude underlying pathology. The mechanisms of HT-related bleeding are poorly understood. Endometri…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease that can be associated with severe pelvic pain; however, the mechanisms by which pain is generated remain unknown. METHODS: Peritoneal endometriotic lesions and normal peritoneum were p…

Adenomyosis is a poorly understood condition which has been called 'elusive' or 'enigmatic' because of the difficulty in diagnosis, the lack of agreement on definition, and also because of the vague and ill-defined pattern of symptoms which…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disease and is frequently associated with recurrent and serious pelvic pain such as dysmenorrhoea and dyspareunia, but the mechanisms by which these symptoms are generated are not well un…

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Endometrial polyps are quite common in the general population, they have a significant role in postmenopausal bleeding, and the pathogenesis is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate proliferation markers and exp…

Menstrual bleeding disorders are one of the most common problems presenting to the gynaecologist. There is increasing evidence that alterations in human uterine vascular structures are associated with spontaneous and sex steroid-induced cha…

In addition to providing safe and effective contraception, both the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) and selected long-acting progestogen-only contraceptives have significant health benefits. The COCP may reduce menstrual blood loss,…

Endometrial blood vessels are unique in the manner in which they undergo monthly cycles of dramatic growth, disruption, remodeling, and repair, rivaled only by the remarkable vascular growth and regression occurring during formation and sub…

During the past 5 years, a number of important advances have been made in our understanding of the mechanisms of sex steroid-induced breakthrough bleeding (BTB). These observations suggest that superficial endometrial vascular fragility may…

Breakthrough bleeding is a common problem in postmenopausal women taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and is often the single most important factor deterring women from continuing to use HRT, or from starting it in the first place. The…

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of lysosomal enzymes in excessively heavy menstruation by comparing women with menorrhagia due to dysfunctional bleeding or intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) use with those with normal m…