The Role of Proinflamatory Cytokines in the Development of Clinical Picture of Myoma and Adenomyosis

Gulja Babadjanova
In: Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology · 2020 · doi:10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12787 · W3143359766
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This study found elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α) in women with uterine myoma and adenomyosis, particularly in combined forms, which decreased after treatment.

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This study investigated cytokine profiles in 165 women with uterine myoma and/or adenomyosis, comparing 75 with combined pathology, 47 with diffuse adenomyosis, and 43 with uterine myoma, using immunological blood tests along with ultrasound Doppler assessment of node blood flow. Before treatment, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α were elevated in all groups versus controls, with IL-6 reported as highest in the combined form (about 1.5-fold higher than isolated forms). After therapy—dienogest for adenomyosis, ulipristal acetate for myoma, and a combined regimen for the combined group—levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α decreased in all groups, while IL-10 and VEGF were also reported to be higher than controls pre-/post-treatment with significant decreases after therapy. This paper is centrally about endometriosis and adenomyosis — it focuses specifically on adenomyosis and compares cytokine changes across adenomyosis, myoma, and combined disease in relation to pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators.

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Abstract

The goal of research was to study the cytokine status in women with a combination of fibroids andadenomyosis to determine their role in the course of the disease. Method 165 women with uterine myomaand/or adenomyosis were examined. Patients were divided into 3 groups: 1-group - 75 women with acombined form of myoma and adenomyosis, 2-group - 47 women with diffuse adenomyosis, 3-group - 43women with uterine myoma. The study was conducted in 2017-2018, on the basis of the Tashkent MedicalAcademy in the department of gynecology of the obstetric-gynecological complex No. 9 of Tashkent city.The research method were a dynamic study of node blood flow by ultrasound with dopplerometry and animmunological blood test. For myoma 5 mg ulipristal acetate was prescribed for treatment for 3 months forat least 2 courses by 3 months with a 2 month break, and for adenomyosis - 2 mg dienogest for 6 monthscontinuously. For the combined form of myoma and adenomyosis, treatment was started with dienogest for6 months continuously, then UPA was prescribed for 3 months.Results: The determination of the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients before treatment showedthe following results: the level of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-? was higher in all three groups than in the controlgroup, and in the group with combined pathology IL-6 was 1,5 times higher than in groups with isolatedpathologies. After therapy, the decrease in the levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-? was observed in all threegroups. Also the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and VEGF exceeded significantly the controlgroup, especially in the group with combined pathology, after the treatment, their level decreased significantly.Discussion: An increase in the level of cytokines in the blood is most pronounced in combined forms ofmyoma and adenomyosis compared with isolated forms of myoma and adenomyosis.
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Results

The determination of the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients before treatment showed the following results: the level of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-? was higher in all three groups than in the control group, and in the group with combined pathology IL-6 was 1,5 times higher than in groups with isolated pathologies. After therapy, the decrease in the levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-? was observed in all three groups. Also the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and VEGF exceeded significantly the control group, especially in the group with combined pathology, after the treatment, their level decreased significantly.

Discussion

An increase in the level of cytokines in the blood is most pronounced in combined forms of myoma and adenomyosis compared with isolated forms of myoma and adenomyosis. Downloads Published Issue Section License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/deed.en

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adenomyosis

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