The Suppression Effect of Kebar Extract on Endometriosis Lesion MDA and TNF -a Independent to VEGF A Study in Endometriosis Mice Mode

Yuli Trisetiyono, Noor Pramono, Syarief Thaufik Hidayat, Widjiati Widjiati
In: Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2020 · pp. 28–33 · doi:10.32771/inajog.v8i1.1070 · W3004513443
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

Kebar grass extract decreased MDA serum levels and TNF-α expression, leading to smaller endometriotic lesions in mice without affecting VEGF expression.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 · read from full text ⓘ

This experimental study evaluated whether Kebar grass extract would affect oxidative stress (serum malondialdehyde), inflammation (TNF-α), VEGF expression, and the size of endometriotic lesions in a mouse endometriosis model, compared with an untreated control and leuprolide acetate treatment. Twenty-one mice were assigned to three groups (control, leuprolide 1 mg/kg single dose, or Kebar extract 3 mg/day for 14 days), with outcomes measured by spectrophotometry for MDA, immunohistochemistry using immunoreactive scoring for TNF-α and VEGF, and computerized tracing for lesion area. Kebar extract significantly reduced MDA and lowered TNF-α expression and was associated with smaller lesion extension, but VEGF expression did not differ significantly between groups. The paper explicitly reports that the VEGF pathway was not affected, limiting conclusions to TNF-α/inflammation and oxidative-stress mechanisms rather than angiogenesis via VEGF in this model. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it tests Kebar grass extract effects on oxidative stress, TNF-α, VEGF, and endometriotic lesion size in endometriosis mice.

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Abstract

Background: The pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unclear, and involves multifactorial etiologies. The increase in oxidative stress is known to be associated with this disease. Oxidative stress increases angiogenesis and supports the proliferation of endometriosis tissue in the peritoneal cavity. Kebar grass, a medicinal plant, is expected to increase antioxidant defense resulting in decreased oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and reduced endometrial tissue implants. Objective: To investigate the effects of Kebar grass extract administration to MDA serum levels, TNF-a and VEGF expression, and the extension of the endometriotic lesions in mice model. Methods: This study was experimentally designed. It was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro, University and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. Twenty-one mice were divided into three groups: the first group is control of 7 untreated endometriosis mice model, the second group consisted of 7 mice injected with leuprolide acetate 1mg/kgBB single dose, and the last group consisted of 7 mice fed with Kebar grass extract 3mg/day for 14 days. MDA serum level was measured by spectrophotometry, TNF-a and VEGF expression by IHC using Rammele Scale Index (ImmunoReactive Score), whereas the extension of the endometriotic lesions was measured using computerize tracing. Results: Both Kebar grass extract and leuprolide acetate administration significantly decrease MDA serum levels in endometriosis mice model, compare with the control group, (0.09±0.02 nmol, 0.11±0.07 nmol, and 0.30±0.06 nmol, respectively; p=0.001). TNF-α expression of the group treated with Kebar grass extract was lower than leuprolide acetate and control group (2.43±1.521 %, 4.86±0.458 %, and 7.26±2.898 %, respectively; p=0.002). However, there was no significant difference in VEGF expression among study groups (4.34±2.40 %, 5.11±1.95 %, and 7.40±3.49 % respectively; p=0.116). Finally, the extension of the endometriotic lesions of the mouse models administered with Kebar grass extract and leuprolide acetate was smaller than the control group (0 mm2, 4.54±7.75 mm2, and 34.80±13.09 mm2 respectively; p=0.005). Conclusion: Kebar grass extract has the effect of decreasing MDA serum levels and reducing TNF-α expression, resulted in smaller endometriotic lesions in mice, even though it does not affect VEGF expression. Keywords: malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, endometriotic lesion, kebar grass extract, endometriosis mouse
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Background

The pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unclear, and involves multifactorial etiologies. The increase in oxidative stress is known to be associated with this disease. Oxidative stress increases angiogenesis and supports the proliferation of endometriosis tissue in the peritoneal cavity. Kebar grass, a medicinal plant, is expected to increase antioxidant defense resulting in decreased oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and reduced endometrial tissue implants.

Objective

To investigate the effects of Kebar grass extract administration to MDA serum levels, TNF-a and VEGF expression, and the extension of the endometriotic lesions in mice model.

Methods

This study was experimentally designed. It was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro, University and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. Twenty-one mice were divided into three groups: the first group is control of 7 untreated endometriosis mice model, the second group consisted of 7 mice injected with leuprolide acetate 1mg/kgBB single dose, and the last group consisted of 7 mice fed with Kebar grass extract 3mg/day for 14 days. MDA serum level was measured by spectrophotometry, TNF-a and VEGF expression by IHC using Rammele Scale Index (ImmunoReactive Score), whereas the extension of the endometriotic lesions was measured using computerize tracing.

Results

Both Kebar grass extract and leuprolide acetate administration significantly decrease MDA serum levels in endometriosis mice model, compare with the control group, (0.09±0.02 nmol, 0.11±0.07 nmol, and 0.30±0.06 nmol, respectively; p=0.001). TNF-α expression of the group treated with Kebar grass extract was lower than leuprolide acetate and control group (2.43±1.521 %, 4.86±0.458 %, and 7.26±2.898 %, respectively; p=0.002). However, there was no significant difference in VEGF expression among study groups (4.34±2.40 %, 5.11±1.95 %, and 7.40±3.49 % respectively; p=0.116). Finally, the extension of the endometriotic lesions of the mouse models administered with Kebar grass extract and leuprolide acetate was smaller than the control group (0 mm2, 4.54±7.75 mm2, and 34.80±13.09 mm2 respectively; p=0.005).

Conclusion

Kebar grass extract has the effect of decreasing MDA serum levels and reducing TNF-α expression, resulted in smaller endometriotic lesions in mice, even though it does not affect VEGF expression.

Keywords

malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, endometriotic lesion, kebar grass extract, endometriosis mouse

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