Women's vitamin D levels and IVF results: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis, considering three categories of vitamin status (replete, insufficient and deficient)

Florina Iliuta, Jose Ignacio Pijoan, José Ignacio Pijoán, Lucía Lainz, Lucía Laínz, Antonia Exposito, Antonia Expósito, Roberto Matorras
Human fertility (Cambridge, England) · 2020 · vol. 25(2) , pp. 228–246 · doi:10.1080/14647273.2020.1807618 · PMID:32791871 · W3049326249
Systematic review / meta-analysis OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 2 in-corpus citations
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This meta-analysis of 15 cohort studies found that women undergoing IVF with sufficient vitamin D levels had significantly higher biochemical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth rates compared to deficient women.

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Abstract

To investigate the influence of vitamin D status on in vitro fertilisation (IVF) results, a meta-analysis of 15 cohort studies of 3711 women undergoing IVF was performed. Women were classified into three groups according their vitamin D levels (≥30 ng/mL considered replete/sufficient; 21-29 ng/mL insufficient and <20 ng/mL deficient). Three different meta-analyses were performed: (i) sufficient vs deficient; (ii) sufficient vs 'insufficient + deficient'; (iii) 'sufficient + insufficient' vs deficient. Comparing IVF outcomes in sufficient versus deficient groups (considering autologous and donor oocyte cycles together), we found women with sufficient vitamin D had significantly higher biochemical pregnancy (OR = 1.43 [1.06-1.95]), ongoing pregnancy (OR = 1.29 [1.02-1.64]), and live birth (OR = 1.74 [1.31-2.31]) rates, with a non-significant trend to a higher clinical pregnancy rate (OR = 1.31 [0.94-1.82]), whereas implantation and miscarriage rates were similar. When the meta-analysis was restricted to autologous oocytes, the parameters which had been significant in the joint analysis remained significant, and differences in implantation (OR = 1.64, [1.17-2.29]) and clinical pregnancy (OR = 1.47 [1.2-1.69]) rates became significant. No significant differences were found when considering only cycles with donor oocytes. The sufficient + insufficient vs deficient and sufficient vs 'insufficient + deficient' comparisons identified significant differences in live birth rate. The meta-analysis shows that sufficient vitamin D status is associated with better outcomes in IVF. Nonetheless, there are many demographic, geographic and clinical parameters that may be related to vitamin D status that need to be ascertained before concluding that the better results are due to the higher levels of vitamin D.

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MeSH descriptors

Fertilization in Vitro Fertilization in Vitro Vitamins Female Humans Live Birth Pregnancy Pregnancy Rate Vitamin D

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