Sonographic determination of a possible adverse effect of clomiphene citrate on endometrial growth
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⤵ 13 in-corpus citations
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Ultrasound examination showed that clomiphene citrate stimulation resulted in a thinner endometrium compared to human menopausal gonadotrophin alone, despite similar estradiol levels.
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Abstract
We recently demonstrated, using transvaginal sonography, that conception cycles in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) are associated with a significantly thicker endometrium at midcycle than non-conception cycles, suggesting that endometrial growth may influence implantation. In the present study, to examine whether the type of stimulation protocol affects endometrial development, we compared the sonographic appearance of the endometrium in 22 patients randomized to receive clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin (CC/HMG) and in 19 who received HMG alone. A significantly thicker endometrium was observed in the HMG patients compared to the CC/HMG group (P less than 0.005) throughout the follicular phase of the cycle, although serum concentrations of oestradiol (E2) did not differ in the two groups. Twenty-three patients (13 in the HMG group and 10 in the CC/HMG group) had previous IVF cycles with CC/HMG stimulation in which endometrial thickness was measured. A thin endometrium recurred with subsequent CC/HMG cycles while increased growth occurred with HMG only compared to previous CC/HMG cycles. Therefore, ultrasound examination of the endometrium in this study demonstrated that CC results in a thinner endometrium than HMG alone. We believe these findings may be of importance in improving pregnancy rates in IVF and possibly in other infertility therapy which involves the use of clomiphene citrate.
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Cited by (12)
- An Update on Experimental Therapeutic Strategies for Thin Endometrium 2023
- Treating patients with "thin" endometrium - an ongoing challenge 2014
- Cost-effectiveness of aromatase inhibitor co-treatment for controlled ovarian stimulation 2006
- Potential use of aromatase inhibitors in gynecology 2006
- Comparação entre três esquemas de indução da ovulação para inseminação intra-uterina com relação à espessura endometrial e taxa de gravidez 2005
- Aromatase inhibition reduces the dose of gonadotropin required for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation 2004
- Infertility evaluation and management. Strategies for family physicians 2003
- Future use of clomiphene in ovarian stimulation. Will clomiphene persist in the 21st century? 1998
- Endometrial unresponsiveness: a novel approach to assessment and prognosis in in vitro fertilization cycles 1996
- Growth factors and growth modulators in human uterine endometrium: their potential relevance to reproductive medicine 1994
- Transabdominal ultrasonographic evaluation of endometrial thickness in clomiphene citrate-stimulated cycles in relation to conception 1994
- A prospective randomized trial of artificial insemination versus intercourse in cycles stimulated with human menopausal gonadotropin or clomiphene citrate 1993
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- openalex
- last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
- pubmed
- last seen: 2026-10-08T21:08:28.697392+00:00
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