Coexistence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis in Women with Infertility

Kristin Holoch, Ricardo Francalacci Savaris, David A. Forstein, Paul B. Miller, H. Lee Higdon, C.E. Likes, Bruce A. Lessey
In: Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders · 2014 · vol. 6(2) , pp. 79–83 · doi:10.5301/je.5000181 · W2315573937
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This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and infertility or pelvic pain had a significantly higher incidence of endometriosis compared to fertile controls.

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Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a higher incidence of endometriosis in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), compared with normal fertile controls. Material and methods Women with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, with infertility and/or pelvic pain, were identified (n = 104), and together with fertile women seeking bilateral tubal ligation (n = 111), they were submitted to laparoscopy at the Greenville Hospital System or the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. A biopsy was performed in 40 patients with PCOS to confirm or not endometriosis. Results Age was similar in both groups (control: 29.7 ± 0.5 years; PCOS: 29.6 ± 0.4). The incidence of suspected endometriotic lesions in controls and PCOS patients was 12.6% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 7.6%-20%) and 74% (95% CI, 64.8%-81.5%), respectively; with an odds ratio of 19.7 (95% CI, 9.6-40.2) of finding endometriosis in PCOS (p<0.0001). Our results were similar when endometriosis was confirmed by pathology report. Of the PCOS patients with endometriosis, 76% had endometriosis stage I or II, according to the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria. Conclusions In this case-control study, a significant association between endometriosis and women with PCOS with pelvic pain and/or infertility was found. The majority of endometriotic lesions (76%) were stage I or II.

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endometriosisinfertility

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