Cardiovascular Effects of Physiological and Standard Sex Steroid Replacement Regimens in Premature Ovarian Failure

Jeremy P. Langrish, Nicholas L. Mills, Louise Bath, Pamela Warner, David J. Webb, C.J.H. Kelnar, Hilary Critchley, David E. Newby, William H. Wallace
In: Hypertension · 2009 · vol. 53(5) , pp. 805–811 · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.126516 · PMID:19332659 · W2161581155
article OA: bronze CC0 ⤵ 11 in-corpus citations
📄 Open PDF View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

Physiological sex steroid replacement therapy, compared to standard therapy, lowered blood pressure, improved renal function, and reduced renin-angiotensin system activation in women with premature ovarian failure.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Current hormone replacement therapy may not optimize cardiovascular health in women with premature ovarian failure. We compared the effects of physiological and standard sex steroid replacement regimens on cardiovascular health in these women. In an open-label, randomized, controlled crossover trial, 34 women with premature ovarian failure were randomly assigned to 4-week cycles of physiological (transdermal estradiol and vaginal progesterone) and standard (oral ethinylestradiol and norethisterone) therapy for 12 months. Cardiovascular health was assessed by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and renal and humoral factors. Eighteen women (19 to 39 years of age) completed the 28-month protocol. Both regimens caused similar suppression of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone and provided symptom relief. In comparison with the standard regimen, physiological sex steroid replacement caused lower mean 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressures throughout the 12-month treatment period (ANOVA; P<or=0.0001 for both): systolic blood pressure was 7.3 mm Hg (95% CI: 2.5 to 12.0 mm Hg) and diastolic was 7.4 mm Hg (95% CI: 3.9 to 11.0 mm Hg) lower at 12 months. Although there were no differences in arterial stiffness, physiological sex steroid replacement reduced plasma angiotensin II (ANOVA; P=0.007) and serum creatinine (ANOVA; P=0.015) concentrations without altering plasma aldosterone concentrations. In comparison with a standard regimen, physiological sex steroid replacement in women with premature ovarian failure results in lower blood pressure, better renal function, and less activation of the renin-angiotensin system. These findings have major implications for the future cardiovascular health of young women who require long-term sex steroid replacement therapy.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (37)

Cited by (11)

Source provenance

openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK