Characteristic and Regenerative Potential of Human Endometrial Stem Cells and Progenitors

The endometrium has stem cell niches that contribute to the regeneration of the endometrial tissue following menstruation. These cells potentially could serve as a foundation of adult stem cells aimed at autologous stem cell-based therapies. A mechanistic understanding of these cells and their role in endometrial regeneration may aid to the intentional stimulation of a patient’s endometrial stem cell niche for regenerative therapies. The first evidence reporting their presence described endometrial stem cell as a clonogenic cell population in the human epithelial and stromal endometrium. Clonogenicity of epithelial cells was well supported by transforming growth factor-α (TGFα), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). Leukemia-inhibitory factor, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), stem-cell factor (SCF), and insulin-like growth factor-I (IFG-I) were inadequately supportive and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) did not affect clonogenicity of epithelial cells. About 3% of epithelial and 6% of stromal cells in mouse endometrium are label-retaining cells (LRCs). Moreover, CD146+ PDGF-Rβ+ human endometrial stem cell shows MSCs-like properties. Stromal cells are abundant in colony-forming cells that undergo differentiation into mesenchymal lineages and express MSC-specific surface markers CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105. Further investigations have corroborated the evidence for MSC presence in endometrial stroma. The book chapter will provide an in-depth insight into the importance of uterine stem cell and their role in the pathogenesis of female reproductive tract diseases. Access this chapter Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Similar content being viewed by others Abbreviations - ABC: - ATP-binding cassette - ABCG2: - ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 - BCRP1: - Breast cancer resistance protein - bFGF: - Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) - BMI-1: - B-cell-specific Moloney leukemia virus insertion site 1 - CD: - Cluster of differentiation - CFU: - Colony-forming units - CSCs: - Cancer stem cells - DAPT: - Dipeptide γ-secretase inhibitor - EC: - Endometrial cancer - EGF: - Epidermal growth factor - eMSCs: - Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells - EndoSCs: - Endometrial stem cells - ER-Alpha: - Estrogen-receptor alfa - GE: - Glandular epithelium - Gli: - Glioma-associated oncogene - GRO: - Growth regulated oncogene - HER2: - Human epidermal growth factor - HGF: - Hepatocyte growth factor - HIF-1: - Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 - HSCs: - Hematopoietic stem cells - IGF-1: - Insulin-like growth factor-1 - LIF : - Leukemia-inhibitory factor - LRCs: - Label-retaining cells - MCP-1: - Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 - MenSCs: - Menstrual blood-derived stem cells - MMP: - Matrix metallopeptidases - MSCs: - Mesenchymal stem cells - n-cadherin: - Neural cadherin - NK: - Natural killer - PDGF: - Platelet-derived growth factor - PDGF-Rβ: - Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta - PgR: - Progesterone receptor - SCF: - Stem-cell factor - SDF-1: - Stromal derived factor - SSEA-1: - Stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 - SUSD2: - Sushi domain containing 2 - TGFα/β: - Transforming growth factor-α/β - uNK: - Uterine natural killer - VEGF: - Vascular endothelial growth factor

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