Piriformissyndrom infolge einer extragenitalen Endometriose

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A 44-year-old woman with long-standing cyclical sciatica and progressive neurological deficits was diagnosed via MRI with extragenital endometriosis causing piriformis syndrome, which was surgically treated with subsequent pain relief but persistent motor deficit.

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The paper reports on a 44-year-old woman with more than 10 years of sciatica that was initially cyclical but progressed to continuous disabling symptoms, eventually developing ipsilateral foot-drop, sensory disturbance, and gluteal muscle atrophy. MRI supported the clinical suspicion of extragenital endometriosis causing piriformis syndrome through compression of the sciatic and inferior gluteal nerves, and after unsuccessful hormonal therapy the lesion was excised; the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. Postoperatively the patient had pain relief, although motor deficits had not regressed during 15 months of follow-up, which limits conclusions about functional recovery. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it describes piriformis syndrome due to extragenital endometriosis causing compression of the sciatic-related nerves.

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Abstract

We report on a 44-year-old woman with a history of sciatica fluctuating with her menstrual cycle and going back over 10 years; ultimately it was present continuously and became disabling. Over the years the patient developed ipsilateral foot-drop, a sensory disorder in the lateral aspect of the lower limb and back of the foot, and atrophy of the gluteus muscle. MRI confirmed the suspicion of extragenital endometriosis, which had caused piriformis syndrome by compression with consequent damage to the sciatic and inferior gluteal nerves. After hormonal therapy had been tried without success, the endometrioma was excised to relieve the pressure on the nerves, and the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. The motor deficit remained up to the 15 months since surgery, but the patient is now free of pain.
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Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über eine 44-jährige Frau, die seit mehr als 10 Jahren unter zyklusabhängigen Ischialgien litt. Im Verlauf entwickelte sich neben einer ipsilateralen Fußheberlähmung und Sensibilitätsstörung am lateralen Unterschenkel und Fußrücken eine Atrophie der Gesäßmuskulatur. Magnetresonanztomographisch wurde der bestehende klinische Verdacht einer extragenitalen Endometriose mit Druckaffektion des N. ischiadicus und des N. glutaeus inferior erhärtet. Nach erfolgloser Hormontherapie erfolgte die Dekompression der Nerven durch Exstirpation des Tumors. Die Verdachtsdiagnose konnte histologisch bestätigt werden. Postoperativ kam es zur Schmerzfreiheit. Eine Regredienz des motorischen Defizits war allerdings nach 15-monatiger Beobachtungszeit bislang nicht festzustellen. Summary We report on a 44-year-old woman with a history of sciatica fluctuating with her menstrual cycle and going back over 10 years; ultimately it was present continuously and became disabling. Over the years the patient developed ipsilateral foot-drop, a sensory disorder in the lateral aspect of the lower limb and back of the foot, and atrophy of the gluteus muscle. MRI confirmed the suspicion of extragenital endometriosis, which had caused piriformis syndrome by compression with consequent damage to the sciatic and inferior gluteal nerves. After hormonal therapy had been tried without success, the endometrioma was excised to relieve the pressure on the nerves, and the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. The motor deficit remained up to the 15 months since surgery, but the patient is now free of pain. Similar content being viewed by others Literatur Bis KG, Vrachliotis TG, Agrawal R et al. (1997) Pelvic endometriosis: MR imaging spectrum with laparoscopic correlation and diagnostic pitfalls. Radiographics 17:639–655 Denton RO, Sherrill JD (1955) Sciatic syndrome due to endometriosis of sciatic nerve. South Med J 48:1027–1031 Dognon L, Himmi A, Avigdor S et al. (1994) [Catamenial sciatic pain due to endometriosis of the sciatic nerve. Review of the literature, apropos of a case]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 23:386–390 Fedele L, Bianchi S, Raffaelli R et al. (1999) Phantom endometriosis of the sciatic nerve. Fertil Steril 72:727–729 Häßler K, Uschinsky K, Engelmann C (1999) Katamenieller Pneumothorax — 3 Fallberichte und Literaturübersicht. Z Herz Thorax Gefäßchir 13:78–82 Husby GK, Haugen RS, Moen MH (2003) Diagnostic delay in women with pain and endometriosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 82:649–653 Reichel G (2004) Botulinumtoxin in der Therapie des Foramen infrapiriforme-Syndroms (Piriformis-Syndrom). In: Göbel H (Hrsg) Botulinumtoxin in der speziellen Schmerztherapie. UNI-MED, Bremen, S 158–178 Vercellini P, Chapron C, Fedele L et al. (2003) Evidence for asymmetric distribution of sciatic nerve endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol 102:383–387 Yekeler E, Kumbasar B, Tunaci A et al. (2004) Cyclic sciatica caused by infiltrative endometriosis: MRI findings. Skeletal Radiol 33:165–168 Zawin M, McCarthy S, Scoutt L et al. (1989) Endometriosis: appearance and detection at MR imaging. Radiology 171:693–696 Interessenkonflikt Der korrespondierende Autor versichert, dass keine Verbindungen mit einer Firma, deren Produkt in dem Artikel genannt ist, oder einer Firma, die ein Konkurrenzprodukt vertreibt, bestehen. Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Hettler, A., Böhm, J., Pretzsch, M. et al. Piriformissyndrom infolge einer extragenitalen Endometriose. Nervenarzt 77, 474–477 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-005-2028-0 Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-005-2028-0

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endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Buttocks Endometriosis Nerve Compression Syndromes Sciatica Sciatic Neuropathy Adult Buttocks Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Nerve Compression Syndromes Nerve Compression Syndromes Sciatica Sciatica Sciatic Nerve Sciatic Nerve Sciatic Nerve Sciatic Neuropathy

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