Individualized therapy of sterility caused by endometriosis

In: Reproduktionsmedizin · 1999 · vol. 15(1) , pp. 29–36 · doi:10.1007/s004440050053 · W1971296995
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Endometriosis-related infertility requires individualized treatment, often combining surgery and medication, only when the condition significantly impacts fertility, not solely based on its presence.

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Summary In the case of infertility the macroscopically and/or histologically confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis alone is not an indication for surgical or medical treatment of endometriosis. Treatment is necessary only when additional clinical symptoms of pain caused by the disease, active proliferative implants, severe mechanical disturbances of Fallopian tubes and ovaries, or deep infiltration endometriosis is judged as a relevant cause of sterility. The presence of implants alone – especially in mild or minimal stages – is probably an accidental finding with no correlation to the infertility problems. The therapeutic options are surgical – mainly endoscopic surgery – medical or a combination of both. Regression of the implants and shrinkage of the cysts can be achieved with medically induced ovarian suppression. Clinical trials have demonstrated that high doses of progestins, Danazol and GnRH agonists are effective. Because low differentiated types of endometriosis and deep infiltration nodules can only be influenced with permanent estrogen deprivation, an endoscopic surgical procedure– resection, coagulation or vaporisation of endometriotic tissue, plus resection of adhesions and fibrosis – is the main therapeutic principle. Because microscopic implants and deep infiltration foci surrounded by fibrosis can not be treated sufficiently with endoscopic surgery alone, an individual therapeutic strategy must be adopted in each case of endometriosis and infertility. Taking in account the age of the patient, the duration of infertility, and other factors we have to consider medical and/or surgical treatment of endometriosis. Zusammenfassung Bei einer Sterilitätspatientin ist der makroskopische und histologische Nachweis einer Endometriose allein noch keine Indikation zur operativen oder medikamentösen Behandlung. Erst wenn relevante Schmerzsymptomatik, infiltrierendes Wachstum und proliferative Aktivität vorliegen, ist die Endometriose als sterilitätsrelevanter Faktor und damit als therapiebedürftige Erkrankung anzusehen – sonst ist sie nur, zumindest in den minimalen Stadien, ein bedeutungsloser Nebenbefund. Es stehen operative und medikamentöse Behandlungsoptionen oder die Kombination beider Möglichkeiten zur Wahl. Regression wird medikamentös durch potente Suppression der ovariellen Steroidsynthese erreicht, wozu sich hochdosierte Gestagengabe, Danazol und GnRH-Agonisten klinisch bewährt haben. Da niedrig differenzierte und autonom proliferierende Endometrioseformen nur durch permanenten Östrogenentzug zu beeinflussen sind, also allein durch Medikamente nicht heilbar sind, ist die organerhaltende operative Endometriosesanierung per pelviskopiam ein zentrales Behandlungsprinzip. Da mikroskopisch kleine Implantate und in tieferen Gewebeschichten wachsende Herde chirurgisch nicht oder nur unvollständig sanierbar sind, muß unter Berücksichtigung des Kinderwunsches, der Symptomatik und des Alters der Patientin, der Aktivität der Endometriose und der Relevanz und des Schweregrades der Krankheit ein individueller Therapieplan konzipiert werden, wobei sich oft medikamentöse und operative Maßnahmen ergänzen. Similar content being viewed by others Author information Authors and Affiliations Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Schweppe, KW. Individualized therapy of sterility caused by endometriosis. Reproduktionsmedizin 15, 29–36 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/s004440050053 Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004440050053

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endometriosis

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