Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research Applications for Female Infertility-Mechanisms, Efficacy Parameters, Challenges and Future Roadmap

Sina Vakili, Vakili S, Morteza Jafarinia
Galen medical journal · 2024 · vol. 13 , pp. e3632 · doi:10.31661/gmj.v13i.3632 · PMID:39483858 · PMC11525105 · W4403317490
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⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This review discusses mesenchymal stem cells' properties, mechanisms, and preclinical/clinical evidence for treating female infertility conditions such as POF, PCOS, and endometriosis.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 · read from full text ⓘ

This review discusses mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) properties and proposed mechanisms—differentiation, trophic factor secretion, and immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory effects—along with evidence for MSC use in female infertility, including premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, Asherman syndrome, and preeclampsia. It reports that preclinical models have shown reduced endometriotic lesions, regenerated follicles in premature ovarian failure models, and improved tubal repair after damage, while noting that some clinical and preclinical studies report improved outcomes in endometriosis and premature ovarian failure patients. A key caveat is that the evidence includes preliminary and variable preclinical/clinical data presented as part of a broader “research applications” roadmap rather than as definitive comparative trials. Relevance to endometriosis: the paper specifically cites reductions in endometriotic lesions in MSC preclinical models and reports some clinical/preclinical outcome improvements for endometriosis, though its main focus is a broad review of MSC applications for multiple causes of female infertility.

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Abstract

Infertility affects approximately 15-20% of couples globally, with female factors contributing to nearly half of cases. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, tubal damage and premature ovarian failure are leading causes of female infertility. Current treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF) have limitations and risks. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown therapeutic potential due to their ability to differentiate, secrete trophic factors, and exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. They have been demonstrated to repair and regenerate reproductive organs in various preclinical models of infertility related conditions. MSCs have reduced endometriotic lesions, regenerated lost follicles in premature ovarian failure (POF) models, and promoted tubal repair in damage models. Some clinical and preclinical studies have reported improved outcomes with MSC therapy in endometriosis and premature ovarian failure patients. This review discusses the properties and sources of MSCs, their mechanisms of action, preclinical evidence for applications in conditions like POF, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, Asherman syndrome, and preeclampsia, and preliminary clinical data on MSC therapy for female infertility management.
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Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research Applications for Female Infertility - Mechanisms, Efficacy Parameters, Challenges and Future Roadmap Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Female Infertility DOI: https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v13i.3632Keywords: Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Infertility; Premature Ovarian Failure; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; EndometriosisAbstract Infertility affects approximately 15-20% of couples globally, with female factors contributing to nearly half of cases. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, tubal damage and premature ovarian failure are leading causes of female infertility. Current treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF) have limitations and risks. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown therapeutic potential due to their ability to differentiate, secrete trophic factors, and exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. They have been demonstrated to repair and regenerate reproductive organs in various preclinical models of infertility related conditions. MSCs have reduced endometriotic lesions, regenerated lost follicles in premature ovarian failure (POF) models, and promoted tubal repair in damage models. Some clinical and preclinical studies have reported improved outcomes with MSC therapy in endometriosis and premature ovarian failure patients. This review discusses the properties and sources of MSCs, their mechanisms of action, preclinical evidence for applications in conditions like POF, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, Asherman syndrome, and preeclampsia, and preliminary clinical data on MSC therapy for female infertility management. References Published How to Cite Issue Section License Copyright (c) 2024 Galen Medical Journal This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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