Pelvic inflammatory disease is associated with ovarian cancer development in women with endometriosis: A cohort study in Taiwan

Lo HW, Hui-Wen Lo, Hui‐Wen Lo, Shih‐Feng Weng, Shih-Feng Weng, Chen HS, Hung-Sheng Chen, Hung‐Sheng Chen, Eing‐Mei Tsai, Eing-Mei Tsai, Tsai EM
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · 2021 · vol. 158(1) , pp. 145–152 · doi:10.1002/ijgo.13935 · PMID:34536967 · W3201083837
Observational OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 1 in-corpus citation
View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This cohort study found that women with endometriosis and subsequent pelvic inflammatory disease had a significantly higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared to women with endometriosis alone.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease are considered to be risk factors for ovarian cancer, as dysbiosis probably contributes to ovarian cancer development via chronic inflammation and immune response alteration. Therefore, we hypothesized that pelvic inflammatory disease predisposes to ovarian cancer development in women with endometriosis. METHODS: We selected patients who were diagnosed with endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2015, in a 2 million longitudinal health and welfare database in Taiwan with cancer and death registries. Patients were divided into five groups: (1) those with endometriosis, (2) those with pelvic inflammatory disease, (3) those with endometriosis diagnosed before pelvic inflammatory disease, (4) those with pelvic inflammatory disease diagnosed before endometriosis, and (5) healthy women. Propensity score matching with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to adjust for covariates across the study groups. RESULTS: The risk of ovarian cancer was significantly higher in women with endometriosis and subsequent pelvic inflammatory disease than in those with endometriosis alone (hazard ratio 8.07; 95% confidence interval 4.53-14.37; P < 0.001). The same result was found for ovarian cancer incidence per 1000 person-years. CONCLUSION: Our data show that pelvic inflammatory disease is associated with cancer development in women with pre-existing endometriosis.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Ovarian Neoplasms Ovarian Neoplasms Ovarian Neoplasms Ovarian Neoplasms Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial Case-Control Studies Case-Control Studies Cohort Studies Cohort Studies

Citation neighborhood (2-hop)

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. Outer rings show 2-hop neighbours — papers reached through the immediate citers/citees. [ collapse to 1-hop ]

References (27)

Cited by (1)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-10-15T06:08:49.021275+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-10T17:14:06.276822+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-10-08T21:32:28.090074+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-10-15T06:24:24.424788+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK