Association between lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index with endometriosis: evidence from NHANES 1999–2006

Nan Ma, Yingying Hu, Yan Xu
BMC women's health · 2025 · vol. 25(1) , pp. 307 · doi:10.1186/s12905-025-03862-5 · PMID:40611158 · PMC12232157 · W4411991049
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study found that high lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index are associated with endometriosis in US women, particularly in older women or those using female hormones.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

Using NHANES 1999–2006 data, this cross-sectional study of 5,188 U.S. women aged 20–54 years examined associations between metabolic lipid indicators—lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI)—and endometriosis status, using weighted univariate and multivariable logistic regression with odds ratios. After adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, reproductive, treatment, comorbidity, and laboratory covariates, both higher LAP and higher VAI were associated with endometriosis (LAP OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.02–2.39; VAI OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09–2.18), with subgroup patterns reported as more significant among women ≥35 years and among certain strata such as those with female hormone use and pregnancy history, and without chronic kidney disease. The key limitation explicitly implied by the design is that NHANES provides cross-sectional, questionnaire-based endometriosis ascertainment, which prevents establishing temporality and may be subject to misclassification. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it analyzes whether LAP and VAI are associated with endometriosis in a national U.S. sample.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obesity has been linked to chronic inflammation and insulin resistance and oxidative stress, which are all associated with the pathogenesis of endometriosis (EMs). This study aimed to investigate the associations between the emerging metabolic markers-lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI)-with the EMs. METHODS: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1999-2006. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistics regression models were conducted to explore the associations between LAP and VAI with EMs, with the results expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Moreover, the subgroup analyses based on age, the history of pregnancy, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and female hormones use were further performed to verify whether theses associations remain robust. RESULTS: Totally 5,188 eligible women were included, with a mean age of 37.19 ± 0.18 years. Among them, 359 (6.92%) had EMs. After adjusted all covariates, we observed both highest LAP and VAI are associated with EMs (LAP: OR = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.02-2.39; VAI: OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.09-2.18). Subgroup analyses shown that the associations between LAP and VAI with EMs were more significant among women aged ≥ 35 years, with the female hormones use, with the history of pregnancy, and without the history of CKD. CONCLUSION: We observed both high LAP and VAI were associated with EMs among reproductive women in the United States. However, further large-scale, well-designed, prospective cohort studies still need in the future to confirm these findings.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat Intra-Abdominal Fat

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