Endometriosis: issues of pathogenesis

Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases. But despite the fact that this pathology has been studied for many years, a consensus regarding the etiopathogenesis of this disease has not yet been reached. This literature review discusses several of the most significant theories regarding the origin of such a mysterious disease as endometriosis. Most of the data obtained indicate that endometriosis is a multifactorial pathology, with the participation of many genetic and environmental influences. At the same time, it is likely that one etiopathogenetic model of endometriosis, even including many genetic and epigenetic parameters, is not enough, since endometriosis is a heterogeneous disease with significant differences in the forms and clinical manifestations, as well as the initial background processes on which it develops.