Endometriosis: issues of pathogenesis

In: Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science · 2021 · vol. 18(3) , pp. 239–252 · doi:10.22138/2500-0918-2021-18-3-239-252 · W4285513677
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This review examines the multifactorial theories of endometriosis pathogenesis, suggesting that its heterogeneity requires multiple etiopathogenetic models to account for diverse genetic and environmental influences.

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This paper is a narrative literature review examining the unresolved etiopathogenesis of endometriosis, synthesizing major theories and evidence across genetic and environmental contributions using broad findings reported in prior studies. The authors conclude that available data support endometriosis as a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease, implying that no single etiopathogenetic model—even one incorporating genetic and epigenetic parameters—can fully explain its varied forms, clinical presentations, and underlying biological backgrounds. A key caveat is that, as a review, it does not present new primary experimental data and relies on the scope and quality of the included literature rather than resolving the field’s lack of consensus. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it focuses specifically on issues of endometriosis pathogenesis and why etiopathogenic consensus has not been reached.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases. But despite the fact that this pathology has been studied for many years, a consensus regarding the etiopathogenesis of this disease has not yet been reached. This literature review discusses several of the most significant theories regarding the origin of such a mysterious disease as endometriosis. Most of the data obtained indicate that endometriosis is a multifactorial pathology, with the participation of many genetic and environmental influences. At the same time, it is likely that one etiopathogenetic model of endometriosis, even including many genetic and epigenetic parameters, is not enough, since endometriosis is a heterogeneous disease with significant differences in the forms and clinical manifestations, as well as the initial background processes on which it develops.
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ЭНДОМЕТРИОЗ: ВОПРОСЫ ПАТОГЕНЕЗА DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2021-18-3-239-252 УДК 618.1 Е.В. Кудрявцева¹, Т.А. Обоскалова¹, А.В. Воронцова¹, А.В. Чижова² ¹ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет», Екатеринбург, Российская Федерация; ²ГАУЗ СО «ГКБ №14», Екатеринбург, Российская Федерация Резюме. Эндометриоз является одним из самых частых гинекологических заболеваний. Но несмотря на то, что данная патология изучается в течение многих лет, консенсус относительно этиопатогенеза данного заболевания до сих пор не достигнут. В данном литературном обзоре рассмотрено несколько наиболее значительных теорий, касающихся происхождения такого загадочного заболевания, как эндометриоз. Большинство полученных данных свидетельствуют о том, что эндометриоз — это мультифакторная патология, с участием множества генетических и средовых влияний. При этом вероятно, что одной этиопатогенетической модели эндометриоза, даже включающей в себя множество генетических и эпигенетических параметров, недостаточно для понимания его сути, поскольку эндометриоз — это гетерогенное заболевание, имеющее существенные различия форм и клинических проявлений, а также исходных фоновых процессов, на которых оно развивается. Ключевые слова: эндометриоз, генетический полиморфизм, цитокины, мезенхимальные стволовые клетки, ретроградная менструация Конфликт интересов отсутствует. Контактная информация автора, ответственного за переписку: Кудрявцева Елена Владимировна [email protected] Дата поступления 02.09.2021 г. Образец цитирования: Кудрявцева Е.В., Обоскалова Т.А., Воронцова А.В., Чижова А.В. Эндометриоз: вопросы патогенеза. [Электронный ресурс] Вестник уральской медицинской академической науки. 2021, Том 18, №3, с. 239–252, DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2021-18-3-239-252 ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Эндометриоз (клинические рекомендации). 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Обзор последних данных этиопатогенеза и методов диагностики эндометриоза (обзор литературы). Медико-Социальные Проблемы Семьи 2020;25:54–68. Авторы Кудрявцева Елена Владимировна ФГБОУ ВО Уральский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава РФ Доктор медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии Российская Федерация, 620028, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3 [email protected] Обоскалова Татьяна Анатольевна ФГБОУ ВО Уральский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава РФ Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии Российская Федерация, 620028, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3 [email protected] Воронцова Анна Валерьевна ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава РФ Кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии Российская Федерация, 620028, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3 [email protected] Чижова Анна Вадимовна ГАУЗ СО «ГКБ №14» Врач акушер-гинеколог Российская Федерация, 620039, г. Екатриенбург, ул. 22 Партсъезда, 15А [email protected] Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная.

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