Reproductive Tract Anomalies in Adolescent Endometriosis

Congenital anomalies of the female reproductive tract, including Müllerian anomalies, occur in up to 5% of women and are due to errors of normal embryologic development. Most anomalies are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally. When symptomatic, they may present with gynecologic and/or obstetrical complications, most commonly cyclic pelvic pain or primary amenorrhea. Definitive diagnosis is achieved with MRI and 3D ultrasonography. Uterine malformations are associated with renal and urinary tract anomalies in 30–50% of cases, and all women diagnosed with a genital anomaly should also undergo screening for urinary system malformation. Although endometriosis has not been shown to be more frequent in patients with reproductive tract anomalies overall, it is diagnosed in approximately 40% of cases of obstructive anomalies. Thus, endometriosis should be suspected in any adolescent with an obstructive genital abnormality, particularly if they experience cyclic or chronic pelvic pain. Endometriosis tends to be more severe in patients with reproductive tract anomalies than those without, resulting in earlier diagnosis and/or more significant symptoms. Treatment of endometriosis in patients with reproductive tract anomalies may involve surgical removal of active remnant endometrium, along with standard hormonal and analgesic therapies. Access this chapter Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Similar content being viewed by others

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