JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of passive joint mobilisation versus capsular stretching on pain, range of motion and quality of life in patients with stage-II adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint. METHODS: The randomised control tr…

Female infertility is a complex health concern with a multitude of risk factors and aetiologies. This current narrative review was planned to highlight the various significant contributors to female infertility, including age related declin…

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is increasingly being recognized as an endo-metabolic disorder in which a cascade of hormonal and electrolyte imbalances impacts the morbidity and mortality. We propose six "endocrine giants" of CKD- anaemia, se…

OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of sexual dysfunction between subfertile females and the general population, and to check the validity of the translated modified version of the Female Sexual Functional Index Score in Pakistani populat…

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by uterus didelphys, obstructed hemi-vagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. This study aims to present a case of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome seen at Shifa I…

Dear Editor, Madam, combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) remain one of the most widely used contraceptive methods due to their effectiveness and additional therapeutic benefits. Beyond contraception, they aid in regulating menstruation…

Endometriosis presenting as ascites is a rare entity, and is more so in women of Asian ethnicity. Less than a hundred cases have been reported worldwide. Majority of patients present with abdominal dist ension and pa in, drai ning massive b…

Madam, Endometriosis is a potentially debilitating disease in which endometrial tissue is present outside the uterine cavity. It can be symptomless in some women, while causing severe pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and decreased fe…

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of laparoscopic surgical resection of ovarian endometrioma on ovarian reserve. METHODS: The prospective cohort study was conducted from March 2014 to March 2019 at private clinics and hospitals in the Kerbal…

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the association of endometriosis risk factors with single nucleotide polymorphisms rs6166 and rs6165 (Asn680Ser and Ala307Thr) of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene in Pakistani women. M…

OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease that affects 10% of women of childbearing age. Its development is known to be related to the MMP-2 gene. Specifically, the expression of MMP-2 is increase in endometriosis. The aim of thi…

This descriptive observational study was carried out to determine the frequency of causes behind Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) amongst patients of reproductive age presenting to gynaecology OPD from January to June 2018 at the Combined Mi…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate TP53 gene codon 72 polymorphism in women with endometriosis and compare it with healthy samples. METHODS: This case-control study was carried out at Jinnah Hospital, Services Hospital and Sheikh Zayed Hospital, La…

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of intrauterine lidocaine infusion with lidocaine and intravenous tenoxicam for decreasing the pain levels associated with endometrial biopsy. METHODS: This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was…

We report a case of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) related pelvic abscess caused by a challenging to grow anaerobic Gram positive rod named Eggerthella lenta. A middle aged lady presented with complaints of lower abdomen pain, int…

Scar endometriosis is an uncommon but well-described condition. It is caused by the dissemination of endometrial tissue in the wound at the time of surgery. The deposits can involve uterine scar, abdominal musculature or subcutaneous tissue…

Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is a rare and complex clinical condition caused by endometrial tissues, commonly found in reproductive women (age 15-49 years).Its diagnosis is often delayed or overlooked by clinicians, which may result in recu…

Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is rare and accounts for 0.14-1.8% of all malignancies of the female genital tract. It has been found to be associated with nulliparity and subfertility, as well as with pelvic inflammatory disease. High par…

Hysterectomy is a frequently performed gynaecological procedure in Pakistan. This surgical procedure is a very stressful event for Pakistani women suffering from severe gynecological diseases and complications. It is also associated with a …

Thoracic endometriosis, rarely encountered, is characterized with the localization of functional endometrium tissue in pleura, lung parenchyma or tracheobronchial system. A 28 years old female patient visited our clinic with complaints of c…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in the treatment of adenomyosis associated with heavy menstrual bleeding. METHODS: The retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital i…

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of gynaecological factors leading to chronic pelvic pain via diagnostic laparoscopy. To see the association of these factors with demographic variables of the patients. METHODS: Fifty patients underwen…

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to determine the frequency of endometriosis in women who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy for evaluation of infertility and the association of clinical, ultrasonographic and laparoscopic findings of endometriosis …

A 45 year old woman presented with right sided ovarian mass with multiple omental deposits and liver metastases. The right ovary was enlarged and showed a partly cystic partly solid cut surface. Histological picture showed clear cell carcin…