Gynecologic oncology reports

•Mullerian carcinosarcoma can occur in extragenital sites.•Malignant transformation of endometriosis is common in the rectosigmoid area.•MLH1 hypermethylation has been implicated in endometriosis-associated carcinomas.•Adequate sampling is …

•A patient had endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis in the canal of Nuck.•The tumor invaded muscles in the inguinal region.•She showed favorable prognosis by radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the validity of serum CA-125, Human Epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and Risk of Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) at standard and optimal cut-offs, in preoperative prediction of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) in Vietnam. S…

•Pure-type ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (POSCC) is extremely rare.•This is the first report of G-CSF-producing POSCC.•This case was successfully treated with primary surgery and standard chemotherapy.•A tumor with uninfected neutrophilia…

•Ovarian germ cell tumors can produce hCG and be confused with ectopic pregnancy.•Ovarian germ cell tumors can present with subacute pelvic pain.•Ectopic pregnancy should be the primary differential diagnosis due to its acuity.

•Brain metastasis is an extremely rare secondary site of ovarian cancer metastasis.•Serous borderline tumor with brain metastasis has not been previously reported.•This is a rare case of brain metastasis in a patient with advanced serous bo…

•Cardiophrenic lymph node metastasis in low-grade ovarian carcinoma is rare.•Two cases presented here identify clinical strategies needing further attention.•Low-grade disease is treated with surgery given high chemotherapeutic resistance.•…

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the cervix (CCAC) is a rare type of gynecological cancer. The risk factors and pathogenesis have yet to be clearly determined. This is a case report of a 19-year-old woman, who was never exposed to DES from her …

•Endometriosis-associated abdominal wall cancer is a rare entity with poor prognosis.•Personal history of C-section is extremely relevant.•The treatment consists in a wide local excision with adjuvant chemotherapy.•Proper treatment of abdom…

•Incidental finding of a fallopian tube lesion at the time of bilateral salpingectomy•Histopathological appearance not consistent with mucinous or serous carcinoma, appearance of mesothelioma•Very rare known primary neoplasm of tubal mesoth…

•Hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary is rapidly progressing rare epithelial ovarian tumor.•The term 'hepatoid' refers to the morphological resemblance with hepatocellular carcinoma.•Final diagnosis is made via positive staining for alpha fetopr…

Yolk sac tumor (YST) is the second most common subtype of ovarian germ cell tumors. It usually occurs in the second and third decades of life and is rare in postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, YST is commonly an aggressive tumor …

BACKGROUND: Tamoxifen is a medication often used for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. It is classically associated with several gynecological side effects to include a thickened endometrial stripe, increased uterine polyp form…

•Extra-uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma may arise in endometriosis.•Abdominal exploration for extra pelvic endometriosis is warranted.•Representative endometriotic implants should be resected and/or biopsied if clinically suspicious.

•POD lesions are often diagnosed as ovarian or uterine in origin on imaging.•POD malignancies with concomitant endometriosis, appear to be of lower grade.•There is no consensus on the optimal treatment for rare primary POD neoplasms.

•A case report of a 14 year remission of recurrent ovarian cancer with intraperitoneal aldesleukin (IL-2) is presented.•Intraperitoneal IL-2 was given with little toxicity.•Immunotherapy may have the potential for durable remissions in ovar…

BACKGROUND: SMARCA4 is gene whose protein product participates in chromatin remodeling. Somatic mutations in this gene are associated with non-small cell lung cancer and malignant rhabdoid tumors, and both germline and somatic mutations are…

QuikClot combat gauze is a synthetic hemostatic dressing used for hemorrhage control. There is a paucity of data describing the clinical use and hemostatic results of combat gauze in the obstetric and gynecologic setting. This case series d…

BACKGROUND: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome is a rare entity with proposed genetic underpinnings. Ovarian carcinoma has well-described genetic associations and syndromes, although much of the etiology of the disease remains unknown.…

•Ovarian dysgerminoma associated with paraneoplastic fever, cytopenia and splenomegaly•Complete symptom resolution resulted from tumor resection and medical management•Non-hematolymphoid neoplasms are part of differential diagnosis in secon…

BACKGROUND: We report diagnosis and management of stage IV papillary serous uterine cancer with initial clinical presentation as a skin rash. CASE: A 62-year-old postmenopausal female developed an erythematous rash beginning on her right l…

Primary omental leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumor. We report a case of successfully resected omental leiomyosarcoma whose presentation mimicked ovarian carcinoma. Symptoms of abdominal distension and discomfort that lasted 8 months followed by…

Sister Mary Joseph's nodule is sometimes the first sign of an internal malignancy, including gastrointestinal, gynecological, or malignancy of unknown primary. It is rarely the sole presentation of a primary peritoneal cancer. In this repor…

•Case describes a response to sunitinib in clear cell ovarian cancer.•Discussion of unique molecular characteristics of clear cell ovarian cancers•Practical points regarding dosing and toxicity when using sunitinib discussed.