Human Reproduction

Lasers have been used in fertility surgery for the past two decades. This article reviews the development of different wavelength lasers, the different tissue effects and their applications in infertility surgery. The CO2 laser remains the …

The levels of oestrogen and progesterone receptors were analysed in 62 endometriotic tissue samples obtained at laparotomy of 58 women and in samples of endometrium obtained simultaneously from 49 of the women. Both ligand techniques and en…

A 34-year-old white female patient with 11 years of primary infertility due to endometriosis underwent ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval for in-vitro fertilization. A right ovarian endometrioma was aspirated during oocyte retrieval. Two we…

The objective of this study is to determine in a group of subfertile women whether patient history can differentiate women with a healthy pelvis from those with endometriosis or adnexal adhesions. In this prospective study, consecutive subf…

The migration of radionuclide through the genital tract was observed, comparing 20 patients with endometriosis and infertility with a control group of 23 infertile patients who had a normal pelvis. All patients had patent tubes at laparosco…

The pathogenesis of pelvic endometriosis has been studied by using scanning electron and light microscopy, observing the surface structure of bluish lesions obtained from 26 patients during laparotomy. Paraffin sections included another 17 …

The need for frequent injections and monitoring, the possibility of multiple gestations, and the higher cost compared to clomiphene citrate, prevents many clinicians from using human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) for ovulation induction. A…

In a patient with primary infertility, ovulation was induced by monitored stimulation with human menopausal gonadotrophins (HMG) because of polycystic ovarian disease. Infertility work-up had shown a unicornuate uterus with a cavitary commu…

This study investigated the development of functional ovarian cysts during pituitary down-regulation prior to in-vitro fertilization (IVF), and identified 16 cases of cysts in 288 IVF cycles studied. Comparing the patients with functional o…

This study assessed the effects on plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol concentrations of 3 months' treatment with intranasal nafarelin 200 micrograms b.d. in 11 women (aged 26-43 years) for the treatment of endometriosis…

The anti-oestrogenic effect of clomiphene citrate causes an increased rate of associated cervical factor problems. Theoretically, it may also cause an adverse effect on the endometrium. The hostile mucus may be completely or partially corre…

In a prospective study, the concentrations of CA 125, 17 beta-oestradiol and progesterone were assayed in 52 consecutive ovarian cysts, laparoscopically suspected to be endometriomas. Cysts with dark brown 'chocolate' fluid (n = 42) were ex…

Endometriosis is generally regarded and treated as an endocrine and/or a surgical disease. Endocrine and surgical approaches to treatment are effective only in treating the symptoms of the disease and not its pathophysiology. Consequently, …

Indirect immunofluorescence staining revealed that endometrial stromal cells (ESC) in the ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis or adenomyosis expressed aminopeptidase N/cluster of differentiation (CD) 13 antigen and neutral en…

We have developed an insemination method using a large (4 ml) volume of the inseminate. This method incorporates ovarian stimulation, isolation of an optimal number of motile spermatozoa and, finally, Fallopian tube sperm perfusion (FSP). I…

To determine hormonal and ultrasound parameters associated with pregnancies, 115 women with unexplained infertility (n = 82), endometriosis (n = 22) or cervical factor (n = 11) were treated with direct intraperitoneal insemination (DIPI) af…

Oestrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) were measured in the rabbit model of endometriosis in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of pregnant animals (n = 7) and controls (n = 7). Immunostaining of cryostat sections of ectopic …

The immunohistochemical localization of the androgen receptor in the human endometrium at various stages of the menstrual cycle and post-menopausal period, in decidua and placenta of early pregnancy, and in several pathological conditions o…

The easy access to the pelvis via laparoscopy has led to an appreciable increase in the diagnosis of endometriosis in women with infertility or chronic pelvic pain. This could suggest a rising incidence of the disease but is probably largel…

Isolation of pure preparations of the different cell populations of human endometrium is a prerequisite for studies of in-vitro function. Sieving of dispersed endometrial cells, followed by adsorption onto immunomagnetic microspheres coated…

Endometriosis is an oestrogen dependent condition and it is expected that the tissue of origin of endometriosis will express receptors for the ovarian steroids. Two epithelia, endometrium and peritoneal mesothelium, are the potential parent…

CA 125, a marker of ovarian cancer, is also increased in otherwise normal women suffering from, for example, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis and adenomyosis. The tissues suspected of producing CA 125 in normal women include the e…

'Chocolate' fluid aspirated from endometriotic cysts was injected into the peritoneal cavity of mice. No peritoneal adhesions or endometriosis were noted when the animals were killed 7-37 days later.

Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists have had a profound impact on infertility treatment by in vitro fertilization and related procreation techniques. Its combination with human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) for superovulation h…