Hiroshi Kobayashi

In the ovary, clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and endometrioid adenocarcinoma occur in the setting of endometriosis. In this review, we discuss the role of innate immune responses, specifically endogenous ligands (also known as "alarmins"), thei…

BACKGROUND: Various theories try to explain the development and progression of endometriosis, however, no single theory can explain all aspects of this disorder. Gene expression profiling studies might reveal factors that explain variabilit…

OBJECTIVES: New ovarian cancer biomarkers suitable for early disease diagnosis, prognosis or monitoring could improve patient management and outcomes. DESIGN AND METHODS: Nidogen-2 was measured by immunoassay in serum of 100 healthy women,…

Endometriosis affects an estimated 10% of women in the reproductive-age group. Here, we review current knowledge on molecular genesis of endometriosis-associated epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). This article reviews the English language …

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death in women with gynecological malignancies. Among EOC, clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) differ from the other histological types with respect to the…

We review whether endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer is a specific entity compared with ovarian cancer not associated with endometriosis, with respect to epidemiology, natural history, and clinical diagnosis; we present a review of the…

OBJECTIVES: This article reviews recent data on the biology, pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the different entity of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). STUDY DESIGN: The present article reviews the English language literature for screeni…

PROBLEM: Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the ovary has a number of features distinguishing it from other epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOC) because of its characteristic histology and biology, frequent concurrence with endometriotic lesion, …

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis may cause symptoms including chronic pelvic pain and infertility, and increases susceptibility to the development of ovarian cancer. Genomic studies have started to delineate the wide array of mediators involved in…

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic features of malignant transformation in patients with ovarian endometrioma, their treatment and outcome in the Kinki region, Japan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients m…

OBJECTIVE: Our prospective studies in Japan have found an increased ovarian cancer incidence in women with ovarian endometrioma (standardized incidence ratio, 8.95; 95% confidence intervals, 4.12-5.3). The risk increased with increasing age…

The detection of an ovarian mass during pregnancy is often a diagnostic challenge. We describe 2 cases of ovarian endometrioma during pregnancy with marked mural nodules on the cyst wall. The sonographic and MR imaging findings mimicked ova…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), downstream targets of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, are activated in endometriosis and ovarian cancer specimens. We measured total and phospho…

Although some studies have indicated that endometriosis may increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer, there are no data from epidemiologic studies in Japan. We prospectively analyzed all cases of ovarian endometrioma enrolled in the p…

OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis, a common disease among women of reproductive age, is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. TNF-alpha induces IL-8 production in endometriotic cells through nuclear factor-kapp…

Because endometriotic tissue is capable of implantation and invasion, it resembles neoplastic tissue. This biologic behavior is likely regulated by cell adhesion molecules and enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix. A potential facto…

We have established an in vitro system in which epithelial cells (EC) and stromal cells (SC) from the human endometrium are placed in culture to examine the production of CA125. There was a much greater amount of CA125 in heterotopic EC aft…

The possibility of the endometrial production of CA125 and the effect of P4, MPA, and E2 were investigated using tissue cultures of eutopic endometrium (uterine endometrium obtained from uterine myoma) and heterotopic endometrium (uterine m…

A serological diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma was performed using a combination assay consisting of three tumor markers. Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125), Sialyl Lex-i (SLX), and CA72-4. The results were compared with those for the individual tumo…

CA125 levels in cul-de-sac fluid were measured in patients with endometriosis and patients with myoma uteri in order to investigate the participation of CA125 of endometrial tissue origin in peritoneal fluid levels. The translation of perit…

We measured five tumor markers simultaneously for serodiagnostic testing as a method for the early detection of ovarian cancer. To decrease both false negativity and false positivity in the results of combination assay, statistical analysis…

Increased concentrations of serum Sialyl SSEA-1 antigen, which belongs to type 2 chain carbohydrate antigens and is defined by a new monoclonal antibody FH-6, were observed in 47.2% of patients with ovarian cancer. The Sialyl SSEA-1 test ma…

We discussed the mechanism of the increase in CA125 among patients with benign gynecologic diseases, especially with endometriosis. The tissue CA125 concentrations of surface endometrium in patients with adenomyosis were as follows; the hig…