Agarwal A

This paper reviews current screening techniques as well as novel biomarkers and their potential role in early detection of ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is one of the most common reproductive cancers and has the highest mortality rate amon…

Despite an ongoing debate over its efficacy, preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) is increasingly being used to detect numerical chromosomal abnormalities in embryos to improve implantation rates after IVF. The main indications for the u…

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of peritoneal fluid (PF) of patients with endometriosis on the cytoskeleton of metaphase II oocytes and correlate the results with the stage of endometriosis and the duration of infertility. DESIGN: Prospec…

ObjectiveTo study the effect of peritoneal fluid (PF) from healthy women and from women with endometriosis on sperm DNA and its relationship to sperm morphology as assessed by the sperm deformity index (SDI).DesignExperimental study.Setting…

INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous or subcutaneous endometriosis is a rare entity that is an often overlooked because of chronic abdominal pain. METHODS: We reviewed the ten cases of cutaneous endometriosis that presented to this hospital over a seve…

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of L-carnitine (LC) against deleterious substances present in the peritoneal fluid (PF) of patients with endometriosis, which may affect the oocyte cytoskeleton and embryogenesis.DesignExperimen…

ObjectiveTo review the mechanisms by which endometriosis may affect reproductive function.DesignReview of the English literature from 1986 to 2007 after searching Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, and BIOSIS, as well as relevant meeting abstracts.…

Physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important regulatory role through various signaling transduction pathways in folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, endometrial cycle, luteolysis, implantation, embryogenesis, and …

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of cytokines in the peri-ovulatory follicular fluid (FF) during IVF cycles. FF from 112 women was obtained during oocyte retrieval for IVF. The concentrations of five cytokines [interl…

The effects of ovarian endometrioma on fertility outcomes with IVF and embryo transfer have been causally related to poor outcomes. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the ovarian reserve and ovarian responsiveness to ovaria…

Endometriosis is a chronic pleomorphic disorder with pelvic or systemic manifestations, and is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma. In the United States, the prevalence of the disease is estimated to range from 2 …

Endometriosis is an ambiguous disease and its exact pathogenesis still remains elusive to clinicians and scientists. Local and systemic aberrations in immune response are associated with endometriosis. This article reviews the literature re…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes the role of free radicals and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of human reproduction. RECENT FINDINGS: An extensive review of the literature on the role of oxidative stress in influencing as…

PURPOSE: To 1) evaluate the embryotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide on mouse embryo development and 2) examine if pentoxifylline can reverse hydrogen peroxide induced embryotoxicity. METHODS: Prospective in vitro study examining the effec…

To evaluate the effect of peritoneal fluid (PF) on preimplantation mouse embryo development and apoptosis, PF was obtained from women presenting with (n = 7) and without endometriosis (n = 7). Mouse embryos were cultured to the blastocyst s…

ObjectiveTo examine the toxic effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on ejaculated spermatozoa and evaluate the ability of infliximab to reverse these effects.DesignProspective controlled study.SettingCleveland Clinic Foundation…

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a role in the modulation of gamete quality and gamete interaction. Generation of ROS is inherent in spermatozoa and contaminating leukocytes. ROS influence spermatozoa, oocytes, embryos and their environme…

BACKGROUND: Leptin influences the proinflammatory immune responses and has angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate the peritoneal fluid levels of leptin in patients with endometriosis and idiopa…

ObjectiveThe exact chemical composition of hydrosalpingeal fluid is unknown. The objective of this study was to characterize cytokines in hydrosalpingeal fluid (HSF) and examine their possible role in the embryo development.Study designHSF …

In a healthy body, ROS (reactive oxygen species) and antioxidants remain in balance. When the balance is disrupted towards an overabundance of ROS, oxidative stress (OS) occurs. OS influences the entire reproductive lifespan of a woman and …

Infertility is a common problem experienced by many couples. Numerous treatments are available for female infertility. However, in some cases, the treatment is empirical in nature because the aetiology of infertility is not fully understood…

Free radicals derived from molecular oxygen and nitrogen are highly reactive metabolites called reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cells continuously produce free radicals and ROS as part of the metabolic process. They are involved in the vario…

Endometriosis is described as the presence of endometrial glands or stroma in abnormal locations outside the uterus. It afflicts 10% women of childbearing age. A 5-year retrospective analysis of histopathologically proven cases of endometri…

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of human reproduction. DESIGN: Review of literature. SETTING: Fertility research center and obstetrics and gynecology department in a tertiary care f…

BACKGROUND: The objective of this prospective controlled trial was to investigate the ability of a group of serum and peritoneal fluid (PF) markers to predict, non-surgically, endometriosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Serum and PF samples were ob…