Robert Markham

background: Diagnosis of endometriosis currently requires a laparoscopy and this need probably contributes to the considerable average delay in diagnosis. We have reported the presence of nerve fibres in the functional layer of endometrium …

Ovarian endometriomas (n = 29) were innervated by mainly sympathetic and sensory fibers. These fibers may be involved in the generation of pain symptoms.

Introduction: Endometriosis, defined as the growth of endometrial tissue outside \nthe uterine cavity is a common gynaecological disorder affecting 10-15% \nof women in their reproductive years. It is a major clinical problem causing in- \n…

Background: Endometriosis is a benign gynecological condition, associated with a dysfunctional immune response that facilitates progression of peritoneal lesions. Specific immune cells are hypothes...

Background: Endometriosis is a benign gynecological condition, associated with a dysfunctional immune response that facilitates progression of peritoneal lesions. Specific immune cells are hypothesized to be recruited to peritoneal endometr…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is an inflammatory condition, associated with highly dysregulated immune response at both uterine and peritoneal levels. Surprisingly, Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells, which control and suppress a range of immune respons…

Purpose Endometriosis is a common disease, associated with persistent and severe symptoms including infertility and pain, however, pathogenesis remains poorly understood. It has been hypothesized that fragments of viable endometrial tissue …

ObjectiveTo explore the association between the symptom of abdominal bloating and the diagnosis of endometriosis.MethodsTwenty-six patients with endometriosis diagnosed by laparoscopy and 25 women without endometriosis were recruited to a c…

BACKGROUND: Immune alterations may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of endometriosis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells that are highly involved in the initiation of the immune response. The aim of thi…

Study objectiveTo investigate the extent and types of innervation of endometriotic lesions in various regions of the bowel.DesignRetrospective nonrandomized immunohistochemical study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3.SettingUniversit…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is an inflammatory condition, characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. The immune system provides a defence mechanism in response to foreign pathogens, and macrophages play impor…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disease, but the pathogenesis of endometriosis and pathophysiological basis for endometriosis-associated painful symptoms are still uncertain. Little is known about neuroendocrine (NE) ce…

ObjectiveTo investigate how progestogens and combined oral contraceptives change nerve fiber density in peritoneal endometriotic lesions and to identify the types of nerve fibers still present during hormone treatment.DesignLaboratory study…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how hormonal treatment can change nerve fiber density and to identify types of nerve fibers in endometrium and myometrium in women with endometriosis. DESIGN: Laboratory study using human tissue. SETTING: Univers…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is considered to be an inflammatory disease, and macrophages are the most numerous immune cells in endometriotic lesions. However, the mechanisms underlying the elevation of macrophages and their role in the pathog…

Endometriosis is a disease that still presents many puzzles to clinicians and basic research scientists. Until recently, it has been regarded as a condition that arises when normal endometrium adheres to the peritoneal surface and then grow…

BACKGROUND: Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a specific type of endometriosis, which can be associated with more severe pelvic pain than other forms of endometriotic lesions. However, the mechanisms by which pain is generated are no…

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate endometrial biopsy and curettage in detecting small nerve fibers in eutopic endometrium for diagnosis of endometriosis.Study designEndometrial biopsies with precise, consistent technique an…

ObjectiveTo investigate types of nerve fibers in endometrium and myometrium in women with endometriosis.DesignLaboratory study using human tissue.SettingUniversity-based laboratory.Patient(s)Women with and without endometriosis undergoing h…

Endometriosis affects 10-15% of the female population during their reproductive years. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is undefined, the presence of endometrium-like tissue plaques outside of the uterus could implicate the eutopic…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease that can be associated with severe pelvic pain; however, the mechanisms by which pain is generated remain unknown. METHODS: Peritoneal endometriotic lesions and normal peritoneum were pr…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disease and is frequently associated with recurrent and serious pelvic pain such as dysmenorrhoea and dyspareunia, but the mechanisms by which these symptoms are generated are not well un…

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the subdermal levonorgestrel contraceptive implant Norplant on endometrial vascular density at different durations of exposure, and the relationship between endometrial histology, vascular dens…