Unscheduled vaginal bleeding with progestin-only contraceptive use
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This paper examines unscheduled vaginal bleeding patterns associated with progestin-only contraceptive methods.
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Abstract
Nearly 20% of women using contraception are using progestin-only contraception, including progestin-only pills, depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, subdermal etonogestrel implants, and levonorgestrel intrauterine devices. This number will continue to grow with the increased provision of long-acting reversible contraception. Although overall satisfaction among women using progestin-only contraception is high, dissatisfaction and discontinuation may be associated with unscheduled bleeding and spotting. The exact etiology of irregular bleeding associated with progestin-containing contraceptives is not completely understood, yet several mechanisms have been suggested. Several therapies targeting these mechanisms have been evaluated with mixed results. This paper will review the physiology and management of unscheduled bleeding with progestin-containing contraceptives.
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Cited by (14)
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- Menstrual Suppression in Adolescents 2025
- Hysteroscopic evaluation of endometrial changes and fallopian tubal functions in women using progestin-only contraceptives 2024
- Progesterone and progestin mimics 2023
- Proposal for targeted, neo-evolutionary-oriented secondary prevention of early-onset endometriosis and adenomyosis. Part II: medical interventions 2023
- Evaluation of Applications of Intrauterine Progesterone Versus Oral Progesterone in the Treatment of Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding 2023
- The use of progestin subdermal implants in the management of endometriosis-related pain symptoms and quality of life: a systematic review 2022
- Minor concerns underlying contraceptives: Are they valid? 2022
- Prise en charge des ménorragies : recommandations pour la pratique clinique du Collège national des gynécologues et obstétriciens français (CNGOF) 2022
- The Plasminogen Activator System, Glucocorticoid, and Mineralocorticoid Receptors in the Primate Endometrium During Artificial Menstrual Cycles 2021
- Effects of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system on the endometrium after long-term exposure to mifepristone: Secondary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial 2020
- Risk factors for non‐response and discontinuation of Dienogest in endometriosis patients: A cohort study 2020
- 10.1016/s1959-5182(22)43849-9 2000
- 10.1016/s1241-8234(23)47284-7 2000
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