Management of ureteral endometriosis and review of the literature

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This case report details successful segmental ureter excision and ureteroureteral anastomosis for distal ureteral endometriosis causing obstruction in a 33-year-old woman.

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This paper reviews ureteral involvement in endometriosis and presents a case report of a 33-year-old woman with endometriosis causing obstruction of the left distal ureter, resulting in unilateral hydroureteronephrosis. The authors discuss how differentiating intrinsic versus extrinsic ureteral disease is substantial for choosing definitive treatment, and they report performing segmental ureter excision with ureteroureteral anastomosis, with a double J stent placed and removed after 4 weeks, followed by control MRI-urography at 3 months showing complete regression of obstruction and hydroureteronephrosis. The main caveat is that this is a single case report and definitive diagnosis requires histopathologic examination, with broader effectiveness of management options not established by the evidence presented. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically ureteral endometriosis causing left distal ureter obstruction and its surgical management.

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Abstract

Endometriosis can affect 10-15% of the women in their reproductive age and it is characterized with the presence of the functional endometrium tissue outside the uterine cavity. Up to 10% of the cases with urinary system endometriosis may involve the ureter. Left distal ureter is the most common site of involvement. The differentiation between intrinsic and extrinsic endometriosis is very substantial for the selection and application of definitive treatment. Medical and surgical treatment alternatives are available for endometriosis management and histopathologic examination is required for definitive diagnosis. In this case report, a 33-year-old patient underwent segmental ureter excision and ureteroureteral anastomosis due to endometriosis causing obstruction in the left distal ureter. The operation was performed through a left Gibson incision and a 6 Fr double J stent was implanted in the ureter. The stent was removed after 4 weeks and the control magnetic resonance imaging-urography was performed at 3 months postoperatively. Obstruction and hydroureteronephrosis were observed to be completely regressed in control. If there is no other obvious etiology for the presence of unilateral hydroureteronephrosis in women in their reproductive age, the diagnosis of endometriosis should be considered.
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Urology Research and Practice (Dec 2019) Management of ureteral endometriosis and review of the literature Abstract Endometriosis can affect 10-15% of the women in their reproductive age and it is characterized with the presence of the functional endometrium tissue outside the uterine cavity. Up to 10% of the cases with urinary system endometriosis may involve the ureter. Left distal ureter is the most common site of involvement. The differentiation between intrinsic and extrinsic endometriosis is very substantial for the selection and application of definitive treatment. Medical and surgical treatment alternatives are available for endometriosis management and histopathologic examination is required for definitive diagnosis. In this case report, a 33-year-old patient underwent segmental ureter excision and ureteroureteral anastomosis due to endometriosis causing obstruction in the left distal ureter. The operation was performed through a left Gibson incision and a 6 Fr double J stent was implanted in the ureter. The stent was removed after 4 weeks and the control magnetic resonance imaging-urography was performed at 3 months postoperatively. Obstruction and hydroureteronephrosis were observed to be completely regressed in control. If there is no other obvious etiology for the presence of unilateral hydroureteronephrosis in women in their reproductive age, the diagnosis of endometriosis should be considered. Cite this article as: Kızılay F, Şimşir A, Nazlı O. Management of ureteral endometriosis and review of the literature. Turk J Urol 2019; 45(Supp. 1): S166-S169. Keywords

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