Endometriosis — a systematic and interdisciplinary approach
This paper reviews the historical and current approaches to endometriosis diagnosis and treatment, highlighting advancements in imaging, surgery, and pharmacology, while acknowledging the ongoing need for research into its pathogenesis.
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This paper presents an interdisciplinary systematic overview of endometriosis, focusing on the evolution of diagnostic concepts, including the shift from laparoscopy-based diagnosis toward preoperative ultrasound and MRI staging and severity assessment. It highlights the use of IDEA and MUSA ultrasound criteria, the growing emphasis on precise and radical surgical treatment, and pharmacologic developments such as GnRH antagonists with add-back therapy and targeted approaches informed by molecular profiling. The paper notes major limitations in the field, including the persistent lack of clear progress on endometriosis pathogenesis since Sampson’s retrograde menstruation theory and the need for robust validation of non-invasive biomarker-based tests (e.g., BDNF or FUC4 expression). It also summarizes newly developed Polish Society of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians recommendations that cover diagnostic algorithms, non-invasive tests, pharmacotherapy, deep endometriosis, and controversy around cancer risk. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it provides an interdisciplinary, systematic approach and describes updated clinical recommendations for diagnosis and management, with explicit attention to adenomyosis in the recommendations context.
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