Is systemic inflammation associated with reduced ovarian reserve in endometriosis? An investigation of anti-Müllerian hormone and inflammatory markers

Gorkem Ulger, Hamza Yildiz, Kasim Akay, Ali Yildizbakan, Pelin Aytan, Gürkan Yazıcı, Hakan Aytan
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · 2026 · vol. 173(1) , pp. 296–301 · doi:10.1002/ijgo.70610 · PMID:41133913
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-13 ⓘ

This study found that markers of systemic inflammation, including the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, negatively correlate with anti-Müllerian hormone levels in women with endometriomas.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-11 · read from full text ⓘ

This retrospective study examined whether systemic inflammation is associated with ovarian reserve by analyzing anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and inflammatory marker ratios in 91 women with surgically verified endometriomas. AMH negatively correlated with age and with several systemic inflammation indices, including the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and age and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio remained independent predictors of AMH. The authors conclude that systemic inflammation may independently predict diminished ovarian reserve, while the design’s cross-sectional/retrospective nature limits causal inference despite statements about causality. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it directly investigates inflammatory markers associated with reduced ovarian reserve (AMH) in women with endometriomas.

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the correlation between levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-which serves as an indicator of ovarian reserve-and inflammation markers in women with endometriomas. METHODS: This retrospective investigation involved 91 women with surgically verified endometriomas. Data on demographics, endometriosis features, and serum inflammatory markers were gathered. RESULTS: Age exhibited a negative correlation with AMH levels (r = -0.474, P < 0.001). The monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio exhibited negative correlations with AMH (r = -0.225, P = 0.032; r = -0.223, P = 0.033; and r = -0.270, P = 0.010, respectively). Age and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were found to be independent predictors of AMH levels. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic inflammation appears to be an independent predictor and causative factor of diminished ovarian reserve in endometriosis. These findings highlight the necessity for additional studies regarding the influence of inflammation on ovarian reserve and the possible therapeutic ramifications of regulating inflammation in managing endometriosis.
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Abstract

Objective To examine the correlation between levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)—which serves as an indicator of ovarian reserve—and inflammation markers in women with endometriomas.

Methods

This retrospective investigation involved 91 women with surgically verified endometriomas. Data on demographics, endometriosis features, and serum inflammatory markers were gathered.

Results

Age exhibited a negative correlation with AMH levels (r = −0.474, P < 0.001). The monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio exhibited negative correlations with AMH (r = −0.225, P = 0.032; r = −0.223, P = 0.033; and r = −0.270, P = 0.010, respectively). Age and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were found to be independent predictors of AMH levels.

Conclusions

Systemic inflammation appears to be an independent predictor and causative factor of diminished ovarian reserve in endometriosis. These findings highlight the necessity for additional studies regarding the influence of inflammation on ovarian reserve and the possible therapeutic ramifications of regulating inflammation in managing endometriosis. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors have no conflicts of interests. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT The data sets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone Anti-Mullerian Hormone

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