Prevalence of Endometriosis in Women Presenting with Infertility: Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study

Prevalence of Endometriosis in Women Presenting with Infertility: Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study Prevalence of Endometriosis in Women Presenting with Infertility DOI: https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v7i10.4023Keywords: Endometriosis, Infertility, Laparoscopy, Obesity, PainAbstract Endometriosis is a gynaecologic disorder that can impair fertility, yet it’s prevalence among women presenting with infertility remains variably reported across clinical settings. Objectives: To determine prevalence of endometriosis in women presenting with infertility. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital Multan. Ninety-five married women aged 20-40 years presenting with infertility were enrolled through non-probability consecutive sampling. Baseline sociodemographic, menstrual, and clinical characteristics were recorded. Hormonal evaluation included thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin. All participants underwent diagnostic laparoscopy under general anesthesia by experienced consultants. Endometriosis was diagnosed based on characteristic peritoneal lesions visualized on laparoscopy. Data were analyzed utilizing SPSS version 27. Comparative analyses were performed utilizing an independent sample t-test and chi-square test. Results: Mean age was 29.9 ± 4.8 years. Primary infertility was present in 69 (72.6%) and obesity in 47 (49.5%). In 30 (31.6%) of cases women were illiterate, and 58 (61.1%) were from the lower middle socioeconomic class. Endometriosis was identified in 16 (16.8%) of the participants. Demographic, menstrual, and hormonal parameters were comparable between women with and without endometriosis, except obesity – endometriosis being more common in non-obese compared to obese women (27.1% vs. 6.4%, p-value=0.012). 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