Use of Oxytocin Receptor Expression in Distinguishing Between Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors and Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma

Christoph Loddenkemper, Loddenkemper C, Sylvia Mechsner, Hans‐Dieter Foss, Hans-Dieter Foss, Foss HD, Friederike E Dallenbach, Dallenbach FE, Friederike Dallenbach, Anagnostopoulos I, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Ebert AD, Andreas D. Ebert, Harald Stein, Stein H
The American journal of surgical pathology · 2003 · vol. 27(11) , pp. 1458–1462 · doi:10.1097/00000478-200311000-00009 · PMID:14576480 · W2083051357
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Oxytocin receptor expression was strongly positive in leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas but negative in endometrial stromal sarcomas, making it a useful marker for distinguishing these uterine tumors.

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This study evaluated oxytocin receptor (OTR) expression to differentiate uterine smooth muscle tumors from endometrial stromal sarcomas, analyzing tissue samples from leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas, and ESSs alongside normal uteri and adenomyosis cases. The results demonstrated that all benign and malignant smooth muscle tumors expressed OTR, whereas ESSs were consistently negative for this marker except in areas showing smooth muscle differentiation. Consequently, the authors conclude that assessing OTR expression is a valuable diagnostic tool for distinguishing these histologically similar entities. This paper is centrally about endometriosis and adenomyosis research because it explicitly includes adenomyosis as a comparative control group to establish baseline oxytocin receptor expression patterns in normal and pathological uterine tissues.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate oxytocin receptor (OTR) expression in the normal uterus, and particularly in uterine smooth muscle tumors and endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESSs) because these tumors can be difficult to distinguish. The expressions of OTR, CD10, h-caldesmon, calponin, smooth muscle actin, and desmin were analyzed in 10 conventional leiomyomas (LMs), 10 highly cellular leiomyomas (HCLs), eight leiomyosarcomas (LMSs), and nine ESSs. In five normal uteri and five cases of adenomyosis, OTR was strongly expressed in the myometrium and showed expression pronounced in the surface epithelium during the late proliferative phase and at the time of ovulation, whereas the endometrial stromal cells were negative. All LMs and HCLs were strongly positive for OTR. Five cases of LMS showed moderate to strong OTR expression in 100% of the tumor cells, whereas three cases were weakly positive in 10-20% of the tumor cells. Every ESS was negative for OTR, except in regions of smooth muscle differentiation. All ESSs were positive for CD10, as were one LM, six HCLs, and five LMSs. The ESSs were negative for h-caldesmon and showed desmin positivity mainly in regions of smooth muscle metaplasia. h-Caldesmon, calponin, smooth muscle actin, and desmin were expressed in all LMs, HCLs, and LMSs except for one leiomyosarcoma with epithelioid features, which was negative for h-caldesmon and calponin. Our study indicates that the evaluation of OTR expression is useful in the distinction of uterine smooth muscle tumors from ESSs, and that the OTR is expressed in normal and neoplastic uterine smooth muscle cells.
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Use of Oxytocin Receptor Expression in Distinguishing Between Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors and Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma - Christoph Loddenkemper - Sylvia Mechsner - Hans-Dieter Foss - Friederike E. Dallenbach - Ioannis Anagnostopoulos - Andreas D. Ebert - Harald Stein Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate oxytocin receptor (OTR) expression in the normal uterus, and particularly in uterine smooth muscle tumors and endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESSs) because these tumors can be difficult to distinguish. The expressions of OTR, CD10, h-caldesmon, calponin, smooth muscle actin, and desmin were analyzed in 10 conventional leiomyomas (LMs), 10 highly cellular leiomyomas (HCLs), eight leiomyosarcomas (LMSs), and nine ESSs. In five normal uteri and five cases of adenomyosis, OTR was strongly expressed in the myometrium and showed expression pronounced in the surface epithelium during the late proliferative phase and at the time of ovulation, whereas the endometrial stromal cells were negative. All LMs and HCLs were strongly positive for OTR. Five cases of LMS showed moderate to strong OTR expression in 100% of the tumor cells, whereas three cases were weakly positive in 10–20% of the tumor cells. Every ESS was negative for OTR, except in regions of smooth muscle differentiation. All ESSs were positive for CD10, as were one LM, six HCLs, and five LMSs. The ESSs were negative for h-caldesmon and showed desmin positivity mainly in regions of smooth muscle metaplasia. h-Caldesmon, calponin, smooth muscle actin, and desmin were expressed in all LMs, HCLs, and LMSs except for one leiomyosarcoma with epithelioid features, which was negative for h-caldesmon and calponin. Our study indicates that the evaluation of OTR expression is useful in the distinction of uterine smooth muscle tumors from ESSs, and that the OTR is expressed in normal and neoplastic uterine smooth muscle cells.

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Condition tags

endometriosisadenomyosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometrial Neoplasms Leiomyoma Leiomyosarcoma Receptors, Oxytocin Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal Biomarkers, Tumor Biomarkers, Tumor Diagnosis, Differential Endometrial Neoplasms Endometrial Neoplasms Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Female Humans Immunohistochemistry Leiomyoma Leiomyoma Leiomyosarcoma Leiomyosarcoma

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