Endometrial expression of T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains and cluster of differentiation 155: A case-control study of a novel immunomodulatory axis in endometriosis

Reyhane Nematollahi, Morteza Samadi, Fateme Montazeri, Seyed Mehdi Kalantar, Ali Shams
In: International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM) · 2026 · vol. 24(3) , pp. 257–264 · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v24i3.21118 · PMID:42200092 · W7161484877
article OA: gold CC0
🔓 Open OA copy Full text JSON View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This case-control study found significantly higher TIGIT and CD155 gene expression in ectopic endometrial tissues from endometriosis patients compared to controls.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 · read from full text ⓘ

This case-control study investigated endometrial expression patterns of the T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) and cluster of differentiation 155 (CD155) as components of a proposed immunomodulatory axis in endometriosis. The authors compared endometrial samples from individuals with endometriosis to a control group and reported differences in the expression of these immune-related molecules in the disease setting. A key limitation is that the paper’s description provided here does not include quantitative effect sizes, statistical details, or an explicit discussion of sample size and confounding factors. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it examines endometrial TIGIT/CD155 expression as an immunoregulatory axis in endometriosis.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting about 10% of females in their reproductive years, characterized by endometrial tissue growing outside the uterus. Immune checkpoints play a crucial role in regulating the immune system and preserving homeostasis. T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT), a newly discovered immune checkpoint, interacts with its ligand, cluster of differentiation 155 (CD155), to exert inhibitory effects on immune responses. Objective: Though numerous studies have explored the immunological profile in endometriosis cases, limited information exists about the potential role of TIGIT/CD155 interaction. Materials and Methods: This case-control study aimed to investigate the expression levels of TIGIT and CD155 genes in ectopic and eutopic tissues of 20 women diagnosed with endometriosis by a gynecologist with laparoscopy compared to the endometrium of 20 women without endometriosis, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Results showed that both TIGIT and CD155 gene expressions were significantly higher in ectopic endometrial tissues (p < 0.0001). CD155 is also upregulated in the eutopic endometrium of cases (p < 0.0001). However, no significant difference in TIGIT expression was observed between eutopic endometrium of cases and controls (p = 0.49). Conclusion: These findings suggest an upregulation of the TIGIT/CD155 pathway in endometriosis, indicating its potential role in the disease’s pathogenesis. Further research is necessary to fully understand this signaling pathway and explore its viability as a biomarker for diagnosis and immunotherapy.
Full text 1,788 characters · extracted from oa-html · click to expand
Publication International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM) Record type Journal article Published 17 May 2026 Authors Reyhane Nematollahi | Morteza Samadi | Fateme Montazeri | Seyed Mehdi Kalantar | Ali Shams The publisher of this work supports multiple resolution. The work is available from the following locations: {'doi': '10.18502/ijrm.v24i3.21118', 'member_id': '7770', 'member': 'Knowledge E DMCC', 'container-title': 'International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM)', 'primary-resource': 'https://knepublishing.com/index.php/ijrm/article/view/21118', 'tld': 'knepublishing.com', 'clearbit-logo': '/static/no_logo.svg', 'coaccess': [], 'multiple-resolution': [{'url': 'http://ijrm.ir/article-1-3598-en.html', 'tld': 'ijrm.ir', 'clearbit-logo': '/static/no_logo.svg'}], 'type': 'JOURNAL ARTICLE', 'published_date': '17 May 2026', 'publication': 'International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM)', 'title': 'Endometrial expression of T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains and cluster of differentiation 155: A case-control study of a novel immunomodulatory axis in endometriosis', 'name': None, 'id': None, 'location': None, 'display_doi': 'https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v24i3.21118', 'grant_info': None, 'grant_info_funders': None, 'grant_info_funder_ids': '', 'grant_info_type': None, 'multiple_lead_investigators': [], 'multiple_co_lead_investigators': [], 'multiple_investigators': [], 'finances': [], 'project_description': None, 'award_amount': None, 'award_start': None, 'funding_scheme': None, 'internal_award_number': None, 'editors': None, 'authors': 'Reyhane Nematollahi | Morteza Samadi | Fateme Montazeri | Seyed Mehdi Kalantar | Ali Shams', 'chairs': None, 'supplementary_ids': None} https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v24i3.21118 JSON XML

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

⚙ Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: oa-html ⓘ

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Condition tags

endometriosis

Citation neighborhood (2-hop)

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. Outer rings show 2-hop neighbours — papers reached through the immediate citers/citees. [ collapse to 1-hop ]

References (24)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-06-04T01:30:01.192114+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK