Association between Endometriosis and the Risk of Ovarian, Endometrial, Cervical, and Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study from the U.S. National Inpatient Sample 2016–2019

Ismail Abdulrahman Al‐Badawi, Ismail Abdulrahman Al-Badawi, Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Abu‐Zaid, Osama Alomar, Mohannad Alsabban, Saud Owaimer Alsehaimi, Saad M S Alqarni, Safa Alabdrabalamir, Saeed Baradwan, Maha Al Baalharith, Amal A AlOdaini, Amal A. Al-Odaini, Saleh A. K. Saleh, Heba M. Adly, Ibtihal Abdulaziz Bukhari, Hany Salem
Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024 · vol. 31(1) , pp. 472–481 · doi:10.3390/curroncol31010032 · PMID:38248117 · W4390885950
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

Endometriosis was associated with increased risks of ovarian and endometrial cancers, no significant risk for cervical cancer, and a decreased risk of breast cancer in a U.S. population-based study.

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Abstract

Objective: We investigated the potential relationship between endometriosis and risk of ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Methods: We utilized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system to identify relevant codes from the NIS database (2016–2019). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses (adjusted for age, race, hospital region, hospital teaching status, income Zip score, smoking, alcohol use, and hormonal replacement therapy) were conducted to evaluate the association between endometriosis and gynecologic cancers and summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In the examined dataset, there were 1164 and 225,323 gynecologic cancer patients with and without endometriosis, respectively. Univariate analysis showed endometriosis was significantly associated with a higher risk of ovarian (OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 3.05–3.84, p < 0.001) and endometrial (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 2.97–3.79, p < 0.001) cancers. There was no significant association between endometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85–1.28, p = 0.663). Interestingly, endometriosis was significantly associated with a low risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10–0.17, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.006) showed that endometriosis was significantly associated with a high risk of ovarian (adjusted OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 2.97–3.75, p < 0.001) and endometrial (adjusted OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 3.12–4.08, p < 0.001) cancers. Conversely, there was no significant association between endometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.99, p = 0.036). Conclusions: Patients with endometriosis exhibited unique gynecologic cancer risk profiles, with higher risks for ovarian and endometrial cancers, and no significant risk for cervical cancer. The observed connection between endometriosis and a reduced risk of breast cancer remains a perplexing phenomenon, which cannot be put into context to date.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis

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