BMJ case reports

Xanthomatous oophoritis is a rare inflammatory condition of the ovaries. We are reporting a case of a 28-year-old woman, who had undergone uterine artery embolisation 4 years ago due to symptomatic focal adenomyosis. After 3 years of emboli…

A 27-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 1, at 9 weeks gestation, initially presented with clinical and ultrasonographic features suggestive of a missed spontaneous abortion for which surgical evacuation was performed. A diagnosis of ectopic pr…

This is the case of a patient who presented with bilateral spontaneous haemothoraces. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed bilaterally to evacuate the haemothorax and perform biopsies. The patient was diagnosed with bilateral …

An 88-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and distension. Serum cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) level was very high; however, abdominal CT reveals ascites without definite mass. Ascites analysis revealed a lymphocytic exudate with high…

The authors present the case of a 65-year-old woman with clinical and radiological evidence of pelvic sepsis and a medical history of endometrial ablation 20 years previously. She underwent laparotomy after failing to settle with a course o…

Lactation ketosis is a recognised disorder in postpartum lactating cows where a negative energy balance develops because the energy demands of milk production exceed the energy capacity of the animal. Rarely, nursing women can develop probl…

A 36-year-old, healthy, primiparous female underwent a caesarean section under general anaesthetic. She had previously had a severe reaction to dye during a myelogram and therefore, had declined epidural analgesia or regional anaesthesia. I…

Herein, we present a case of tubal choriocarcinoma which was diagnosed initially as chronic ectopic pregnancy. During laparotomy we noticed a haemorrhagic friable mass in the left flank, adherent to the bowel. Left-sided salpingoopherectomy…

Endometrial stromal sarcomas are rare tumours of the uterus and account for 10% of uterine sarcomas. Most of such tumours are low grade, although even these types can spread to the extrauterine areas; however, brain metastasis is very uncom…

Although endometriosis is a common condition in young women, symptomatic involvement of the small bowel is rare. The authors report the case of a 44-year-old lady initially thought to have irritable bowel syndrome who presented 1 month late…

A 36-year-old woman presented with crampy lower abdominal pain and a lump in her left groin. The lump present for 3 years and has slowly increased in size with occasional episodes of tenderness. Her medical history includes hysterectomy for…

Crohn's disease is a chronic transmural inflammatory process that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract, with several extra-intestinal manifestations. Though patients usually present with vague abdominal pain, initial presentation ca…

Serum concentrations of CA-125 are rarely elevated beyond 1000 U/ml in benign conditions of the ovary in postmenopausal women. In this report, the authors present an unusual case of a 78-year-old woman with an extremely elevated CA-125 conc…

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is an unusual inflammatory disease of the gallbladder characterised by severe proliferative fibrosis and the accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages in areas of destructive inflammation. Its macroscopic app…

The purpose of this paper is to describe a case of juvenile cystic adenomyoma in a 17 year-old female patient with severe dysmenorrhoea unresponsive to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The patient presents progressively worsening dysm…

A 38-year-old woman presented with shock and severe abdominal pain. Abdominal CT scanning demonstrated massive ascites, which was highly suggestive of haemoperitoneum. Diagnostic paracentesis confirmed haemoperitoneum. Urgent operative trea…

A Caucasian lady in her 30s presented with repeated miscarriages following a previous caesarean section. Following ongoing pain and bleeding, and inconclusive imaging, a scan undertaken after her second miscarriage suggested a possible comm…

Benign gestational trophoblastic disease generally occurs in women of the reproductive age group and is extremely rare in postmenopausal women. We describe a case of complete hydatidiform mole in a 60-year-old postmenopausal woman who was r…

A 50-year-old woman presented to the urology department with an acute history suggestive of left-sided renal colic. There were no other associated symptoms, but urine dipstick revealed non-visible haematuria. CT-KUB revealed a soft tissue m…

Rectal cancers constitute over a quarter of all colorectal cancers. Spread of rectal cancer is usually to liver, lung and brain from high risk rectal cancers. Cases have rarely been reported of spread to soft tissue structures. Here we pres…

Primary malignant lymphoma of the female genital tract is an extremely rare clinical entity. We report a case of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the uterine cervix. An 85-year-old woman presented with abnormal genital bleeding. A colposcopi…

Carcinosarcoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder after organ transplantation is higher in comparison to the general population but overall occurrence is still very uncommon. Due to the decreased immunitary response effects of antirej…

A 31-year-old woman underwent elective hysteroscopy and laparoscopy for investigation of primary infertility. The procedure was abandoned owing to intraoperative desaturation and reduced right-sided chest movement. Postoperative chest x-ray…

Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare and challenging condition that most commonly presents worldwide following infection with hydatid cystic disease of the liver but is increasingly seen in cases of trauma involving the right upper quadrant. Th…

The authors present a case of a 30-year-old female who presented with symptoms and signs suggestive of appendicitis accompanied by elevated inflammatory markers. The patient was consented and taken to theatre for laparoscopic apendicectomy.…