BMJ case reports

Endometriosis is a growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity which is responsive to hormonal stimulation. Extrapelvic endometriosis is less common of which skin is the most common site. The patient presents with mass, pain and…

A female patient in her mid 40s presents with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and a history of spotting/irregular light per vagina (PV) bleeding since intrauterine system (IUS) insertion 1 year ago. She is known to have submucosal uterine fi…

The case of a healthy 33-year-old woman who underwent an elective caesarean section with incidental finding of small free-floating cysts within the pelvic peritoneum is presented. Gross examination could not identify the specimens. Histopat…

This report describes the case of a 44-year-old Caucasian woman of Northern European descent with a medical history of pyoderma gangrenosum, chronic abdominal pain and erythema nodosum which required intermittent use of high-dose steroids t…

This case report describes a 38-year-old woman in whom a primary caesarean section for placenta previa was complicated by postpartum haemorrhage due to a placenta accreta. Despite tamponade with a Bakri balloon and placement of a B-Lynch su…

We present a case of transmural fibrotic gallbladder in a patient with previously undiagnosed gallbladder disease and describe our surgical approach to treating this patient.

Asymptomatic female in her early 30s presented for her singleton nuchal translucency ultrasound at 12.4 weeks of gestational age. No fetal abnormalities were seen. A large maternal left adnexal mass was identified, prompting a transvaginal …

Spontaneous uterine scar rupture can be lethal in pregnant women. A spontaneous uterine scar rupture in the early mid-trimester is rare and difficult to diagnose. This is a case of a 30-year-old woman (G2P1L1) at 19 weeks of gestation and h…

A 49-year-old multiparous woman presented with a swelling in the left groin of 6 months duration. The swelling was associated with a dull aching pain. The patient reported increase in size of the swelling during lifting of heavy weights. Me…

A 15-year-old Caucasian girl presented to her general practitioner with a tender, irreducible mass in the paraumbilical region. On examination, two small masses could be felt. She was referred to general surgery. Ultrasound imaging and MRI …

Benign endometroid cystadenofibroma of the ovary is a rare tumour with few reported cases. The association of endometroid cystadenofibroma with endometrial cystic glandular hyperplasia has not been previously reported to authors' knowledge.…

Gartner cyst is usually an asymptomatic vaginal cyst, measuring less than 2 cm, frequently found during a routine gynaecological examination. Very rarely, as these cysts are closed structures, they may increase in size because of mucus prod…

A 63-year-old woman with no medical history underwent an abdominal surgery with hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a 10 cm peritoneal cyst with increased cancer antigene-125. A large suspicious tumour of the Douglas space,…

Acute pancreatitis is typically associated with classical clinical and radiological features. The sensitivity of CT to diagnose acute pancreatitis depends on the severity of the attack and ranges from 77% to 92% with a specificity approachi…

Perineal scar endometriosis is a devastating illness with grave consequences. An early diagnosis is imperative as a delayed diagnosis results in extension of the disease process causing increasing damage to adjoining structures like the ana…

The porous diaphragm syndrome is associated with the presence of diaphragmatic fenestrations creating peritoneopleural communications. Such defects may occur in conditions associated with a rise on intra-abdominal pressure including laparos…

Endometriosis of the uterine cervix is a rare lesion that is generally asymptomatic in gynaecological practice. We present a case with postcoital bleeding due to a cervical mass mimicking cervical polyp or fibroma which was histologically p…

We present a case of a 29-year-old woman, with a history of ectopic pregnancy, which required left salpingectomy, and with a tortuous and impermeable right fallopian tube, compatible with hydrosalpinx. As hydrosalpinx itself can compromise …

We report a case of primary malignant melanoma of cervix which is a rare malignancy with only around 60 cases being reported. This patient presented with bleeding per vaginum. A large exophytic growth from cervix with black discolouration w…

A 33-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with an abdominal pregnancy at a gestational age of 20 weeks. An initial MRI mapping of fetal location and placental vascular invasion was obtained. The patient refused surgical intervention …

Spontaneous intraperitoneal haemorrhage can occur in any age group. It is defined as presence of free blood in the peritoneal cavity which can results from a non-traumatic and non-iatrogenic cause. Common causes are visceral, coagulopathy r…

The study described diagnostic and therapeutic processes for an exceptional congenital female genital anomaly involving a 15-year-old girl with progressive dysmenorrhoea and intense abdominal pain, and analyses pathogenesis of embryological…