BackgroundHyperosmolal lubricants may negatively affect the vaginal microenvironment, increasing the risk for bacterial vaginosis (BV). We compared the incidence of Amsel-defined BV in reproductive-age women exposed to hyperosmolal lubrican…
BACKGROUND: Chlamydial infection is associated with tubal factor infertility (TFI); however, assessment of prior chlamydial infection and TFI is imperfect. We previously evaluated a combination of serological assays for association with TFI…
BackgroundNearly 14% of US women report any lifetime infertility which is associated with health care costs and psychosocial consequences. Tubal factor infertility (TFI) often occurs as a result of sexually transmitted diseases and subseque…
BackgroundSexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia and gonorrhea, cause of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and infertility. We estimated the prevalence of infertility and infertility health care seeking.MethodsWe analyzed self-r…
In November 2011, the National Institutes of Health convened a workshop of basic researchers, epidemiologists, and clinical experts in pelvic inflammatory disease to identify research gaps hindering advances in diagnosis, treatment, and pre…
We used 2008-2009 physician and hospital charges to estimate the direct cost of medical care per case of pelvic inflammatory disease. The estimated average total charge per episode was $3,025 (SD: $4155). The estimated average charge for pa…
ObjectivesTo review the social and behavioral correlates of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in the light of the renewed interest in the transmission dynamics of communicable diseases, the new emphasis on health care seeking and health ser…
From 1960 10 1984, 2,501 women underwent diagnostic laparoscopy (index laparoscopy) because of a clinical suspicion of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Of these women, 1,844 had abnormal laparoscopic findings (patients) and 657 had …
Chlamydia trachomatis infections in pregnancy are associated with a high rate of transmission to the newborn and may be associated with poor obstetrical outcome including low birth weight, premature delivery, stillbirth and neonatal death. …