Biological psychiatry

BackgroundThe underlying corticostriatal mechanisms of sex and hormonal effects in addiction are unknown, limiting the development of personalized treatments.MethodsThirty-two women (age = 38.85 ± 9.84 years) with heroin use disorder (HUD) …

BackgroundChronic pain is a common, poorly understood condition. Genetic studies including genome-wide association studies have identified many relevant variants, which have yet to be translated into full understanding of chronic pain. Tran…

BackgroundEndometriosis is a gynecological disorder affecting 6%-10% of all women in their reproductive age. There is an emerging view in the literature that psychological trauma plays a central role in the pathogenesis of pelvic pain, one …

BackgroundGonadotropins and sex hormones are intimately related to the stability of affective states. Patients with affective disorders may demonstrate abnormal levels of sex hormones and gonadotropins. It is therefore possible that affecti…

BackgroundEndometriosis is thought to affect 5-10% of reproductive age women in the general population and is commonly treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists. Recent studies suggest depressive symptoms are associated wi…