Cancer management and research

Breast and ovarian cancers (BC and OC) remain among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Their progression is critically dependent on tumor angiogenesis and a permissive metabolic microenvironment. Vascular end…

Clear cell ovarian carcinoma is a rare but clinically aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer characterized by a striking tendency toward hypercoagulability. This narrative review highlights the molecular and clinical underpinnings …

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a relatively rare hematological malignancy characterized by serum monoclonal IgM gammopathy and bone marrow infiltration of lymphoma cells (small B lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, or plasma cells…

PURPOSE: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy. Vaginal cuff brachytherapy (VBT) is an adjuvant treatment for EC. Since a single-channel cylinder sometimes delivers inadequate dose coverage to the vaginal apex, thr…

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading type of cancer worldwide, yet it's challenging to detect early LC. Therefore, it is valuable to explore diagnostic biomarker that can distinguish malignant pulmonary lesions from benign diseases. …

Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) represents an accurate and noninvasive technique to investigate endometrial thickness (ET) in the early diagnosis of endometrial cancer (EC). In the literature, for maximum ET there is no consensus on the cuto…

PURPOSE: In Afghanistan, research work is still in its infancy and there is no national level tumor registry at the moment in the country that could elaborate the histopathological features of ovarian tumors in the country. The current stud…

Recent technological advancements have increased the efficacy of radiotherapy, leading to effective management of cancer patients with enhanced patient survival and improved quality of life. Several important developments like multileaf col…

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. It is characterized by a high mortality rate, which is mainly due to the asymptomatic course of the disease. In light of the high mortality rate and increasing morbidity, ne…

INTRODUCTION: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of nuclear receptors, functionally regulates bile acid, glucose and lipid homeostasis. It is also worth noting that FXR plays a suppressor role in cancer and inflammation. However, the cont…

Ovarian cancer is a common and complex malignancy with poor prognostic outcome. Most women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed with advanced stage disease due to a lack of effective detection strategies in the early stage. Traditional treatme…

BACKGROUND: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in the developed world, and incidence is increasing in premenopausal women. The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is gaining traction as an alternativ…

PURPOSE: Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare and extremely aggressive malignancy that is derived from or shows evidence of differentiation toward smooth muscle. If LMS occurs in the female reproductive system, preoperative diagnosis can be diffi…

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that D-dimer plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of various tumors, and its diagnostic value in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to…

PURPOSE: Nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional protein with oncogenic properties. NCL expression levels have been linked to the outcomes of various malignancies, but the clinical value of NCL in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC) remai…

Minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) of uterine cervix is a rare malignant disease with rather poorer prognosis partially due to the early misdiagnosis. Hence, better understanding of early-stage symptoms is critical. We report a case of …

PURPOSE: Preoperative diagnosis of uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is challenging because the disease can mimic benign leiomyoma (LM). The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of preoperative clinical characteristics and …

PURPOSE: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is performed frequently in early-stage ovarian cancer patients, especially in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). The aim of this study was to investigate whether primary laparoscopic surgery influ…

Systemic inflammatory reaction (SIR) is an unfavorable prognostic factor in many malignancies and has a role in all stages of the neoplastic process: initiation, promotion, and disease progression. Analysis of SIR can be performed by assess…

PURPOSE: To examine the screening history of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN) and vaginal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included women with histologically confirmed VaIN or vaginal cancer by colposcopy-directed biopsy between 1 …

PURPOSE: Incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) is defined as gallbladder cancer (GBC) that is accidentally discovered during cholecystectomy to treat benign lesions. We aimed to compare the prognosis of IGBC patients who underwent simultaneo…

PURPOSE: To evaluate the colposcopic accuracy of the detection of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN) according to the colposcopic terminology for the vagina from the 2011 International Federation of Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (…

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of several parameters, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) obtained from preoperative routine blood examination, either alone or as an adjunct to the carbohydrate antigen 1…

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between dedifferentiated endometrioid carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation and mismatch repair deficiency. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinicopathological records and samples of three patien…

PURPOSE: To provide a reference for clinicians, whether patients with advanced ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) require chemotherapy (CT) for more than 6 cycles after tumor debulking. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was per…