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BackgroundSince thyroid hormones have an essential role in energy production, early development of the human placenta, embryo development, and implantation, abnormalities in thyroid function can significantly affect pregnancy outcomes.Objec…

[This corrects the article on p. 485 in vol. 18 PMCPMC7385917.].

[This corrects the article on p. 453 in vol. 14 PMCPMC4971562.].

Background: The first step in assembling an artificial ovary is supporting the in vitro growth of ovarian cells/follicles. Therefore, proliferation of granulosa or cumulus cells (CCs) is important and due to limited proliferation, improvin…

Abstract Endometriosis is major gynecological disease that affects over 10% of women worldwide and 30%-50% of these women have pelvic pain, abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. The cause of endometriosis is unknown and there is no def…

BackgroundLuteal-phase support is a complex and controversial issue in the field of reproductive management.ObjectiveTo compare the safety and efficacy of low-dose subcutaneous progesterone with the vaginal progesterone for luteal-phase sup…

BACKGROUND: Endometrioma is a common high-recurrence gynecological disease that affects infertility. Surgical resection using laparotomy or laparoscopy is applied as a standard treatment. Moreover, sclerotherapy is reported to be effective …

BackgroundA repeat dose of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonist could provide long duration of luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and amplitude appropriately.ObjectiveImprovement in oocyte maturity could be obtained by a repeat dose of…

Abstract Background: Dysregulation of some HOX genes are important for the development of endometriosis. Endometriosis is a complex gynecologic disorder affecting as many as 10-15% of premenopausal women. The pathogenesis of endometriosis, …

BACKGROUND: clusters are subdivided into 13 paralogous groups). OBJECTIVE: genes (A, B, C, and D) in ectopic and eutopic tissues of women with endometriosis compared to the normal endometrium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: genes was investigated b…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a disease that affects women of reproductive age. This disease is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissues (endometrial or stromal glands) outside the uterus and shows significantly elevated pre…

BackgroundAnti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is considered as a good marker for quantitative evaluation of ovarian response to the stimulation during assisted reproductive technology cycles.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between serum AMH l…

ObjectiveTo determine the localization, expression, and function of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in fallopian tube epithelial cells.MethodsThe localization of TLRs in fallopian tube epithelial cells was investigated by immunostaining. Surpris…

CONTEXT: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) assay is becoming the best indicator of successful IVF treatment response to fertility drugs and could be a useful marker of embryo implantation potential. Various protocols are being used for controlle…

BackgroundManagement of poor-responding patients is still major challenge in assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Delayed-start GnRH antagonist protocol is recommended to these patients, but little is known in this regards.ObjectiveThe g…

BackgroundDespite of higher pregnancy rate after frozen embryo transfer (FET) which is accepted by the majority of researches, the safety of this method and its effect on neonatal outcome is still under debate.ObjectiveThe aim of this study…

BackgroundImplantation failure is one of the most important factors limiting success in IVF treatment. The majority of trials have demonstrated favorable effect of endometrial injury on implantation success rate especially in women with rec…

ObjectiveToll like receptors (TLRs) are one of the main components of the innate im- mune system. It has been reported that expression of these receptors are altered in the female reproductive tract (FRT) during menstrual cycle. Here we use…

BackgroundGenital tuberculosis (GTB) is an important cause of female infertility, especially in developing countries. The positive results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in endometrial GTB in the absence of tubal damage raise the possib…

BackgroundFrozen- thawed embryo transfer is an essential part of ART treatment and outcomes of this procedure are associated with several clinical factors. Several studies have showed an increase level of IVF outcomes in women with sufficie…

BackgroundThe human female reproductive tract (FRT) is constantly deal with the invading pathogens. Recognition of these pathogens is attributed to the family of Toll like receptors (TLR) as a major part of the innate immune system. We and …

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common hormone-dependent gynecologic disease with a high recurrence. Laparotomy or laparoscopy is the standard surgery for the large endometrioma. Also, sclerotherapy is basically used to treat different disea…

BackgroundRepeated implantation failure (RIF) is defined as pregnancy failure after two to six times with at least ten high grade embryo transfer to uterus. A variety of causes have been anticipated for RIF, including anatomical, autoimmune…

BackgroundConventional IVF and ICSI are two common techniques to achieve fertilization. IVF has long been used for treatment of infertility, although it is not an effective treatment in severe male infertility. The use of ICSI has been expa…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecologic disorders. It is a complex trait and both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis. There is growing evidence indicating that exposure to envi…