Chavarro JE

OBJECTIVE: Disordered eating behaviors may impact the gynecologic health of adolescents through effects on menstrual cycle function and body size; however, few studies have evaluated these associations. This study aimed to prospectively inv…

INTRODUCTION: There is increasing evidence that women who have experienced infertility are at greater risk for several chronic conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not clear. Pathophysiology may be illuminat…

Background/objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between antioxidant intake and antral follicle count (AFC), a marker of ovarian reserve, in women attending a fertility clinic.MethodsWe conducted an observationa…

Background/objectivesFew studies have investigated the association of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and carbohydrate intake with antral follicle count (AFC). This study aimed to investigate the association of total carboh…

ObjectiveReproductive history may help identify women at higher risk for experiencing menopausal symptoms. We hypothesized that gestation length and offspring birthweight for gestational age z-scores would be associated with menopausal symp…

BackgroundMenstrual cycle characteristics are potential indicators of hormonal exposures and may also signal cardiovascular disease risk factors, both of which are relevant to cognitive health. However, there is scarce epidemiological evide…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of soy and isoflavone intake with the risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. DESIGN: The Nurses' Health Study II, a prospective cohort study from 1991-2021. SUBJECTS: A total of 82,084 …

Exposure to phthalates is common and difficult to avoid. However, intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3PUFAs) may ameliorate negative effects on ovarian reserve by exposure to phthalates as both are involved in key proces…

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively assess the effect of endometriosis and uterine fibroids on the long term risk of premature mortality (younger than 70 years). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study SETTING: The Nurses' Health Study II, United States …

OBJECTIVES: To better understand whether history of infertility is associated with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels later in life, outside of reproduction. METHODS: Among 1,758 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II with mea…

ImportanceFertility status is a marker for future health, and infertility has been associated with risk for later cancer and diabetes, but associations with midlife cardiovascular health (CVH) in female individuals remain understudied.Objec…

BACKGROUND: Women are at greater risk than men of developing chronic inflammatory conditions and "long COVID." However, few gynecologic health risk factors for long COVID-19 have been identified. Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disord…

PurposeResearch on infertility and risk of breast cancer has been conflicting, potentially because many well-established breast cancer risk factors, such as pregnancy history, are strongly correlated with infertility.MethodsWe followed part…

BackgroundDespite anecdotal reports, the impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination on menstrual health have not been systemically investigated.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the associations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and C…

BACKGROUND: Infertility has been associated with common chronic non-communicable diseases. However, the association of infertility with long-term mortality is unclear. METHODS: We followed 101,777 women aged 25-42 years at enrollment betwe…

ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations of caffeinated, alcoholic, and sweetened beverage intakes with antral follicle count (AFC), a well-accepted biomarker of ovarian reserve.DesignObservational prospective cohort study.SettingFertility cen…

BackgroundBreastfeeding has been associated with a reduced maternal long-term risk of chronic diseases, but its association with mortality is poorly known.MethodsWe included 166,708 female United States (US) nurses from the Nurses' Health S…

BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that adherence to certain dietary patterns is associated with improved fecundity and reproductive outcomes in the general population and infertile couples assisted reproductive treatments. The objective o…

ObjectiveTo examine the association between dietary folate intake and antral follicle count (AFC) among women seeing treatment for infertility.DesignCohort study.SettingAcademic fertility center.PatientsA total of 552 women attending the Ma…

BACKGROUND: The etiology of endometriosis is not well understood. Limited evidence suggests that dietary factors influence risk, but prospective data related to carbohydrate, fiber, and gluten consumption are scarce. Despite this, recommend…

BackgroundInfertility has been associated with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. It is not clear whether infertility and underlying causes of infertility or the use of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) therapies are responsible fo…

BackgroundRetrospective studies suggest that menstrual cycle length may be a risk marker of adverse pregnancy outcomes, but this evidence is susceptible to recall bias.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prospective association between menstrual cycle…

ImportanceMenstrual cycle characteristics may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, existing studies are limited, and few have explored the mediating role of established CVD risk factors.ObjectiveTo …

ObjectiveTo examine the association between ambient temperature and antral follicle count (AFC), a standard measure of ovarian reserve.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingFertility center at an academic hospital in the northeastern United…

Nitric oxide, a key regulatory molecule in the follicular fluid, has been suggested as a possible biomarker to predict ovarian response in stimulated cycles and the potential of the retrieved oocytes for developing high-quality embryos. Nev…