Advancements in the application of uterine ultrasound elastography

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews recent advances in ultrasound elastography in diagnosing and evaluating the normal nongravid uterus and the infertile uterus in the gynecologic patient. RECENT FINDINGS: Focusing on the most recent primary literature, studies have demonstrated new findings among a breadth of gynecologic clinical settings. Studies in the nongravid uterus have found that menopausal status, age, and menstrual phase have not been associated with changes in uterine tissue stiffness. Focusing on myometrial disease, there have been conflicting data regarding the ability to distinguish uterine fibroids from adenomyosis. One area of expanding research surrounding uterine elastography includes the infertile population, where ongoing studies attempt to provide a predictive model using shear wave elastography (SWE) in patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization. SUMMARY: Ultrasound elastography has become an increasingly studied and utilized tool in assessing physiologic and pathologic processes in the field of gynecology. Evaluating tissue stiffness through strain and SWE can serve to improve diagnosis of various uterine and cervical lesions, as well as prognosticate outcomes after fertility treatments. This growing area of research will continue to establish the role and application of ultrasound elastography into clinical practice.