Sciatic Endometriosis

In: Atlas of Sciatica · 2023 · pp. 919–922 · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44984-0_91 · W4390762088
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Endometriosis, a condition involving ectopic endometrial tissue, commonly affects the sacral plexus and rarely the sciatic nerve, presenting as cyclic or catamenial sciatica.

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This paper/chapter describes endometriosis as ectopic functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, outlining its main forms and emphasizing nervous system involvement. It states that among neurologic sites, the sacral plexus is most frequently involved, while sciatic nerve endometriosis is rare and typically presents as “cyclic” or catamenial sciatica. The chapter’s major caveat is that it is largely descriptive/overview-based rather than presenting new original study data with defined population, methods, or effect estimates. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it specifically focuses on sciatic nerve involvement and the characteristic cyclic (catamenial) presentation.

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Abstract Endometriosis is a common, chronic gynecological condition defined as the presence of ectopic functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Endometriosis could be an important cause of pelvic chronic disease, and it is frequently associated with infertility. It manifests in three ways: superficial (peritoneal) disease, ovarian disease (endometriomas), and deep infiltrating endometriosis. In the nervous system, the most frequently involved site of endometriosis was the sacral plexus followed by the sciatic nerve. However, the sciatic nerve is rarely involved in endometriosis, and it is usually presented as “cyclic” or “catamenial sciatica.” Access this chapter Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Similar content being viewed by others Further Reading Arányi Z, Polyák I, Tóth N, Vermes G, Göcsei Z. Ultrasonography of sciatic nerve endometriosis. Muscle Nerve. 2016;54:500–5. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.25152. Bindra V, Nori M, Reddy R, Reddy R, Satpathy G, Reddy CA. Sciatic nerve endometriosis—the correct approach matters: a case report. Case Rep Womens Health. 2023;38:e00515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crwh.2023.e00515. Capek S, Amrami KK, Howe BM, Collins MS, Sandroni P, Cheville JC, et al. Sequential imaging of intraneural sciatic nerve endometriosis provides insight into symptoms of cyclical sciatica. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2016;158:507–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-015-2683-2. Cimsit C, Yoldemir T, Akpinar IN. Sciatic neuroendometriosis: magnetic resonance imaging defined perineural spread of endometriosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2016;42:890–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12998. Denton RO, Sherrill JD. Sciatic syndrome due to endometriosis of sciatic nerve. South Med J. 1955;48:1027–31. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-195510000-00004. Floyd JR 2nd, Keeler ER, Euscher ED, McCutcheon IE. Cyclic sciatica from extrapelvic endometriosis affecting the sciatic nerve. J Neurosurg Spine. 2011;14:281–9. https://doi.org/10.3171/2010.10.SPINE09162. Ghezzi L, Arighi A, Pietroboni AM, Jacini F, Fumagalli GG, Esposito A, et al. Sciatic endometriosis presenting as periodic (catamenial) sciatic radiculopathy. J Neurol. 2012;259:1470–1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-011-6378-1. Hughes MS, Burd TA, Allen WC. Post-traumatic catamenial sciatica. Orthopedics. 2008;31:400. https://doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20080401-15. Jiang H, Liang Y, Li L, Gu L, Yao S. Cyclic sciatica due to endometriosis of the sciatic nerve: neurolysis with combined laparoscopic and transgluteal approaches: a case report. JBJS Case Connect. 2014;4:e11. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.M.00234. Koga K, Osuga Y, Harada M, Hirota Y, Yamada H, Akahane M, et al. Sciatic endometriosis diagnosed by computerized tomography-guided biopsy and CD10 immunohistochemical staining. Fertil Steril. 2005;84:1508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.05.034. Lomoro P, Simonetti I, Nanni A, Cassone R, Di Pietto F, Vinci G, et al. Extrapelvic sciatic nerve endometriosis, the role of magnetic resonance imaging: case report and systematic review. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2019;43:976–80. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000000916. Mannan K, Altaf F, Maniar S, Tirabosco R, Sinisi M, Carlstedt T. Cyclical sciatica: endometriosis of the sciatic nerve. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2008;90:98–101. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.90B1.19832. Motamedi M, Mousavinia F, Naser Moghadasi A, Talebpoor M, Hajimirzabeigi A. Endometriosis of the lumbosacral plexus: report of a case with foot drop and chronic pelvic pain. Acta Neurol Belg. 2015;115:851–2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-015-0445-9. Possover M, Chiantera V. Isolated infiltrative endometriosis of the sciatic nerve: a report of three patients. Fertil Steril. 2007;87:417.e17–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.05.084. Possover M. Five-year follow-up after laparoscopic large nerve resection for deep infiltrating sciatic nerve endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2017;24:822–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2017.02.027. Saar TD, Pacquée S, Conrad DH, Sarofim M, Rosnay P, Rosen D, et al. Endometriosis involving the sciatic nerve: a case report of isolated endometriosis of the sciatic nerve and review of the literature. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther. 2018;7:81–5. https://doi.org/10.4103/GMIT.GMIT_24_18. Schlicke CP. Ectopic endometrial tissue in the thigh. J Am Med Assoc. 1946;132:445. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1946.02870430025008. de Sousa ACS, Capek S, Howe BM, Jentoft ME, Amrami KK, Spinner RJ. Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for perineural spread of endometriosis to the lumbosacral plexus: report of 2 cases. Neurosurg Focus. 2015;39:E15. https://doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.FOCUS15208. Smolarz B, Szyłło K, Romanowicz H. Endometriosis: epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis, treatment and genetics (review of literature). Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22:10554. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910554. Vercellini P, Chapron C, Fedele L, Frontino G, Zaina B, Crosignani PG. Evidence for asymmetric distribution of sciatic nerve endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:383–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(03)00532-5. Vinatier D, Orazi G, Cosson M, Dufour P. Theories of endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2001;96:21–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(00)00405-x. Yekeler E, Kumbasar B, Tunaci A, Barman A, Bengisu E, Yavuz E, et al. Cyclic sciatica caused by infiltrative endometriosis: MRI findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2004;33:165–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-003-0663-8. Author information Authors and Affiliations Rights and permissions Copyright information © 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG About this chapter Cite this chapter Akhaddar, A. (2023). Sciatic Endometriosis. In: Atlas of Sciatica. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44984-0_91 Download citation DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44984-0_91 Published: Publisher Name: Springer, Cham Print ISBN: 978-3-031-44983-3 Online ISBN: 978-3-031-44984-0 eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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