Thoracic endometriosis: What Radiologist should to know

Qasem, Ma'mon
2021 · doi:10.26044/ecr2021/c-11556 · W6908653669
article OA: green CC0
🔓 Open OA copy Full text JSON View on OpenAlex View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by qwen3.7-flash+body, 2026-09-17 ⓘ

This educational exhibit reviews the imaging features of thoracic endometriosis syndrome on chest radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging to aid radiologists in recognizing this rare condition.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

⚙ AI-generated deep summary by qwen3.7-flash, 2026-09-17 · read from full text ⓘ

This educational exhibit outlines the clinical and radiological features of thoracic endometriosis syndrome, a condition involving endometrial tissue in the lung parenchyma or pleural cavity. The authors identify four distinct entities within this syndrome: catamenial pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules, noting that imaging via CT and MRI is critical for detection despite frequent diagnostic delays. They emphasize that clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion in women of reproductive age presenting with cyclical respiratory symptoms to ensure appropriate management. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically its rare manifestation as thoracic endometriosis syndrome affecting the chest cavity.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Full text 3,314 characters · extracted from oa-html · 4 sections · click to expand

Keywords

Genital / Reproductive system female, Thorax, CT, MR, Ultrasound, Diagnostic procedure, Intraoperative, Pathology Authors: R. R. Hussein Yousef, N. M. Saloum, M. A. M. Qasem, A. M. A. A. Elmahdy, A. A. A. M. Al-Rashid; Doha/QA DOI: 10.26044/ecr2021/C-11556 Learning objectives - Recognize risk factors and clinical presentations of thoracic endometriosis. - Describe US, CT and MRI imaging features of thoracic endometriosis.

Background

Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome (TES) is the presence of endometrial tissue in the lung parenchyma or in the pleural cavity. Thoracic endometriosis syndrome consists of four distinct clinical entities: catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules. Endometriosis of the lung is a rare and complex condition, is a clinically serious form of the disease, which requires careful differential diagnosis. The diagnosis is often delayed or missed by clinicians, which can result in recurrent hospitalizations and other complications. To keep away from such problem and to... Findings and procedure details Various diagnostic tests can be useful in guiding the differential diagnosis of thoracic endometriosis. Useful modalities include chest radiographs (CXR), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bronchoscopy. CXR and CT are the most sensitive tests for detection of pneumothorax and hemothorax but of low specificity. Thoracic endometriosis on CXR or CT, demonstrate pneumothorax which can be of any size, are typically right-sided (88%–100%), and may result in shifting of the mediastinum. Pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, ground glass opacities, bronchial wall thickening, thin-walled cavities within the...

Conclusion

Thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a rare, complex condition and clinically serious form of the disease which require carful differential diagnosis. The diagnosis of TES is usually delayed or missed by clinicians. To keep away from such problem and to apply appropriate treatment, a high index of suspicion is essential in any woman of reproductive age or receiving hormone replacement therapy who is experiencing cyclical chest pain, dyspnea, and/or hemoptysis. Hormone therapy is a suitable first-line treatment because it is less invasive and can preserve... Personal information and conflict of interest R. R. Hussein Yousef: Nothing to disclose N. M. Saloum: Nothing to disclose M. A. M. Qasem: Nothing to disclose A. M. A. A. Elmahdy: Nothing to disclose A. A. A. M. Al-Rashid: Nothing to disclose

References

1- Fukuda S, Hirata T, Neriishi K, et al. Thoracic endometriosis syndrome: Comparison between catamenial pneumothorax or endometriosis-related pneumothorax and catamenial hemoptysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 225:118. 2- Römer T. Long-term treatment of endometriosis with dienogest: retrospective analysis of efficacy and safety in clinical practice. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 298:747. 3- Lalani S, Choudhry AJ, Firth B, et al. Endometriosis and adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes, a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 2018; 33:1854. 4- Audebert A, Petousis S, Margioula-Siarkou...

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

⚙ Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: oa-html ⓘ

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Condition tags

endometriosisthoracic_endometriosis

Citation neighborhood (no data yet)

We don't have any in-corpus citations linked to this paper yet. The paper's references may be in our DB but unresolved to ``paper_id`` (resolution happens at ingest when the cited DOI matches a row we already have). Run the cross-source citation reconcile pass to retry.

Source provenance

openalex
last seen: 2026-05-10T10:37:40.910869+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK