{"paper_id":"f5879e9d-3eeb-425d-8325-d7fc623a347c","body_text":"ECR 2021 / C-11556\nThoracic endometriosis: What Radiologist should to know\nCongress:\nECR 2021\nPoster Number:\nC-11556\nType:\nEducational Exhibit\nKeywords:\nGenital / Reproductive system female, Thorax, CT, MR, Ultrasound, Diagnostic procedure, Intraoperative, Pathology\nAuthors:\nR. R. Hussein Yousef, N. M. Saloum, M. A. M. Qasem, A. M. A. A. Elmahdy, A. A. A. M. Al-Rashid; Doha/QA\nDOI:\n10.26044/ecr2021/C-11556\nLearning objectives\n- Recognize risk factors and clinical presentations of thoracic endometriosis. - Describe US, CT and MRI imaging features of thoracic endometriosis.\nBackground\nThoracic Endometriosis Syndrome (TES) is the presence of endometrial tissue in the lung parenchyma or in the pleural cavity. Thoracic endometriosis syndrome consists of four distinct clinical entities: catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules.\nEndometriosis of the lung is a rare and complex condition, is a clinically serious form of the disease, which requires careful differential diagnosis.\nThe diagnosis is often delayed or missed by clinicians, which can result in recurrent hospitalizations and other complications. To keep away from such problem and to...\nFindings and procedure details\nVarious diagnostic tests can be useful in guiding the differential diagnosis of thoracic endometriosis. Useful modalities include chest radiographs (CXR), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bronchoscopy.\nCXR and CT are the most sensitive tests for detection of pneumothorax and hemothorax but of low specificity.\nThoracic endometriosis on CXR or CT, demonstrate pneumothorax which can be of any size, are typically right-sided (88%–100%), and may result in shifting of the mediastinum.\nPneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, ground glass opacities, bronchial wall thickening, thin-walled cavities within the...\nConclusion\nThoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a rare, complex condition and clinically serious form of the disease which require carful differential diagnosis. The diagnosis of TES is usually delayed or missed by clinicians. To keep away from such problem and to apply appropriate treatment, a high index of suspicion is essential in any woman of reproductive age or receiving hormone replacement therapy who is experiencing cyclical chest pain, dyspnea, and/or hemoptysis. Hormone therapy is a suitable first-line treatment because it is less invasive and can preserve...\nPersonal information and conflict of interest\nR. R. Hussein Yousef:\nNothing to disclose\nN. M. Saloum:\nNothing to disclose\nM. A. M. Qasem:\nNothing to disclose\nA. M. A. A. Elmahdy:\nNothing to disclose\nA. A. A. M. Al-Rashid:\nNothing to disclose\nReferences\n1- Fukuda S, Hirata T, Neriishi K, et al. Thoracic endometriosis syndrome: Comparison between catamenial pneumothorax or endometriosis-related pneumothorax and catamenial hemoptysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 225:118.\n2- Römer T. Long-term treatment of endometriosis with dienogest: retrospective analysis of efficacy and safety in clinical practice. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 298:747.\n3- Lalani S, Choudhry AJ, Firth B, et al. Endometriosis and adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes, a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 2018; 33:1854.\n4- Audebert A, Petousis S, Margioula-Siarkou...","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}