Comparative review of contemporary endometriosis models: experimental platforms and translational potential

Maria Igorivna Yarmolinskaya, Karina A. Zakuraeva
In: Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases · 2025 · vol. 74(5) , pp. 117–126 · doi:10.17816/jowd688923 · W7116661749
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This review systematizes and analyzes current in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and in silico models of endometriosis, discussing their advantages, limitations, and potential for future research and therapeutic development.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This paper is a comparative review that systematizes contemporary approaches to modeling endometriosis, spanning in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and in silico methods, with emphasis on organoid and cell culture systems that reproduce the three-dimensional architecture of endometriotic lesions and on animal models including genetically modified mice and primates. It analyzes the advantages and limitations of each model type and discusses how they have contributed to understanding disease mechanisms and evaluating therapeutic strategies, drawing evidence from English-language publications from the past 10 years indexed in PubMed. A key caveat stated by the authors is that the synthesis is restricted to that 10-year, PubMed-indexed English-language literature. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it specifically reviews and compares experimental platforms used to model endometriotic lesions and their translational potential.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is one of the most prevalent gynecological disorders, characterized by chronic, infertility, menstrual irregularities, miscarriage, and a reduced quality of life. Despite significant advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease, effective treatment and recurrence prevention remain a major clinical challenge. One of the key directions in modern reproductive medicine is the development of reproducible and physiologically relevant models of endometriosis that enable the investigation of molecular mechanisms of the disease, therapeutic testing, and prediction of treatment outcomes. The aim of this review was to systematize and analyze current approaches to modeling endometriosis, including in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and in silico methods. The article discusses in detail the advantages and limitations of each model, their contributions to understanding disease mechanisms, and prospects for further advancement in modeling technologies. Particular attention is paid to organoid systems and cell cultures simulating the three-dimensional architecture of endometriotic lesions, as well as modern animal models, including genetically modified mice and primates. The review is based on English-language publications from the past 10 years, indexed in the PubMed database, and is intended for researchers, clinicians, and developers of new therapeutic strategies in gynecology.

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Condition tags

endometriosisinfertility

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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