Functions of Estrogen and Estrogen-Related Receptors in Diseases of the Female Reproductive System

Wang J, Jinzheng Wang, Ziming Zhu, Zhu Z, Liding Fan, Fan L, Weiyue Zhang, Zhang W, Fangyuan Li, Li F, Lin Liu, Liu L, Jing L, L. Jing, Letao Jing, Kai Meng, Meng K, Jinxiang Yuan, Yuan J, Zhang H, Huali Zhang
Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025 · vol. 25 · doi:10.2174/0118715303406667250915224123 · PMID:41088989 · W4415204325
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⚙ AI-generated summary by qwen3.7-flash, 2026-08-22 ⓘ

This review examines the roles of estrogen and estrogen-related receptors in endometriosis, abnormal uterine bleeding, polycystic ovary syndrome, and premature ovarian insufficiency to identify novel therapeutic targets for these gynecological disorders.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by qwen3.7-flash, 2026-09-02 · read from full text ⓘ

This review examines the role of estrogen and estrogen-related receptors in the pathogenesis of four common gynecological disorders: endometriosis, abnormal uterine bleeding, polycystic ovary syndrome, and premature ovarian insufficiency. The authors highlight that while estrogen is central to reproductive health, current therapeutic strategies often rely on monotherapy due to a lack of specific targeted drugs for these conditions. By analyzing existing literature, the paper aims to identify novel receptor targets to improve estrogen-based treatments for these prevalent diseases. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically listed as one of the four primary gynecological disorders discussed alongside other conditions like PCOS and POI.

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Abstract

Diseases of the female reproductive system are prevalent. These conditions often have a high proportion of asymptomatic patients and prolonged treatment durations. Estrogen, a crucial steroid hormone, plays a central role in most diseases of the female reproductive system. It is essential for promoting the development of reproductive organs and follicular growth, maintaining regular menstrual cycles, and supporting pregnancy. The expression levels of estrogen-related receptors and circulating estrogen levels are closely linked to various female reproductive disorders. However, most diseases of the female reproductive system lack specific therapeutic drugs, and estrogen therapy is still primarily used as a monotherapy. The clinical application of hormone-targeted therapies remains immature. In light of these challenges, this review focuses on the effects of estrogen and estrogen-related receptors on common diseases of the female reproductive system. This review provides an overview of the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanisms of four common gynecological disorders: endometriosis (EMS), abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This study aims to identify novel target receptors and provide insights for estrogen-based therapies in the treatment of diseases of the female reproductive system.
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Abstract

Diseases of the female reproductive system are prevalent. These conditions often have a high proportion of asymptomatic patients and prolonged treatment durations. Estrogen, a crucial steroid hormone, plays a central role in most diseases of the female reproductive system. It is essential for promoting the development of reproductive organs and follicular growth, maintaining regular menstrual cycles, and supporting pregnancy. The expression levels of estrogen-related receptors and circulating estrogen levels are closely linked to various female reproductive disorders. However, most diseases of the female reproductive system lack specific therapeutic drugs, and estrogen therapy is still primarily used as a monotherapy. The clinical application of hormone-targeted therapies remains immature. In light of these challenges, this review focuses on the effects of estrogen and estrogen-related receptors on common diseases of the female reproductive system. This review provides an overview of the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanisms of four common gynecological disorders: endometriosis (EMS), abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This study aims to identify novel target receptors and provide insights for estrogen-based therapies in the treatment of diseases of the female reproductive system.

Keywords

Estrogen, estrogen-related receptors, diseases of the female reproductive system, treatment of gynecological diseases. 7

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endometriosis

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