The effect of vitamin D status on ovarian reserve markers in infertile women: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Alavi N, Ebrahimi M, Akbari-Asbagh F
International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2020 · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v18i2.6501 · PMID:32259002 · PMC7097167
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This cross-sectional study of 287 infertile women found no significant association between serum vitamin D levels and ovarian reserve markers, specifically Anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations or antral follicle counts.

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This prospective cross-sectional study evaluated the association between vitamin D status and ovarian reserve markers, specifically anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and antral follicle count (AFC), in 287 infertile women aged 18 to 45 years. The researchers found that while a majority of participants were vitamin D deficient, there was no statistically significant difference in AMH or AFC levels between those with sufficient versus deficient vitamin D, nor was there any correlation after adjusting for age and body mass index. These results indicate that serum vitamin D levels are not related to these specific indicators of ovarian reserve in this population, contradicting some prior hypotheses about their biological link. Relevance to endometriosis: listed as one indication for GnRH antagonists, though the paper's main focus is uterine fibroids.

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Abstract

BackgroundVitamin D deficiency and infertility are two important health problems in Iran. Some studies suggest that vitamin D may influence Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) as an ovarian reserve.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the impact of vitamin D on AMH serum concentrations/AFC.Materials and methodsThree hundred and five infertile women referred to the IVF Unit of Yas hospital, between July and December 2017, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The demographic characteristics of the participants, as well as the serum levels of vitamin D, AMH, and ultrasonic examination of AFC were recorded.ResultsFinally, 287 infertile women were included in the analysis with a mean age of 29.95 ± 4.73 yr (18-45 yr) and a mean Body mass indexof 25.11 ± 4.41 kg/m 2 . The median AMH and vitamin D levels were 3.20 and 22.82 ng/ml, respectively. Considering the cut-off level of 20 ng/ml, 58.7% were vitamin D deficient. Regression analysis showed no association between AMH and vitamin D levels (p = 0.161), even after adjusting for baseline variables (p = 0.182). A total of 120 patients had an AFC < 6 and 164 ≥ 6, which was not statistically different between the groups with normal level or deficient vitamin D (p = 0.133).ConclusionThe present cross-sectional study showed no significant association between serum levels of vitamin D and AMH or AFC in infertile women, even after adjusting for baseline variables.
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In conclusion, the present cross-sectional study showed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the sample of 287 infertile women, referred for treatment; however, there was no significant association between the serum levels of vitamin D and AMH or AFC in infertile women, even after adjusting for confounders. Studying other indices of reproduction/ovarian reserve and controlling the effect of confounders in future randomized clinical trials can investigate this hypothesis more accurately and suggest the therapeutic efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on infertility.

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There is no Conflicts of Interest

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