Peritoneal Endometriosis
This review examines how ultrasound and MRI can detect superficial peritoneal endometriosis by identifying subtle soft or indirect signs, even though it presents diagnostic challenges.
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The paper reviews how ultrasound and MRI contribute to diagnosing peritoneal (including superficial/minimal) endometriosis, focusing on the challenge posed by very small, heterogeneous lesions often under 5 mm. It highlights that in skilled hands, soft or indirect signs can be useful, while pathognomonic findings are not always present and nonspecific markers may suggest disease; ultrasound is described as offering high spatial resolution with specific evaluation markers (e.g., sliding test and tenderness signs), with MRI used as a second-line (or first-line when transvaginal ultrasound is not feasible). A major caveat is that diagnostic interpretation often relies on indirect signs and operator expertise, limiting the consistency of finding disease-specific pathology on imaging. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it specifically addresses imaging for peritoneal endometriosis and related diagnostic difficulties.
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